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Mixed-signal artificial neural networks (ANNs) that employ analog matrix-multiplication accelerators can achieve higher speed and improved power efficiency. Though analog computing is known to be susceptible to noise and device…

Spiking artificial neurons emulate the voltage spikes of biological neurons, and constitute the building blocks of a new class of energy efficient, neuromorphic computing systems. Antiferromagnetic materials can, in theory, be used to…

The human brain simultaneously optimizes synaptic weights and topology by growing, pruning, and strengthening synapses while performing all computation entirely in memory. In contrast, modern artificial-intelligence systems separate weight…

Deep Neural Networks (DNN) have achieved human level performance in many image analytics tasks but DNNs are mostly deployed to GPU platforms that consume a considerable amount of power. Brain-inspired spiking neuromorphic chips consume low…

Recent works on Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) have made promising progress in narrowing the accuracy gap of BNNs to their 32-bit counterparts. However, the accuracy gains are often based on specialized model designs using additional 32-bit…

The massive use of artificial neural networks (ANNs), increasingly popular in many areas of scientific computing, rapidly increases the energy consumption of modern high-performance computing systems. An appealing and possibly more…

Electronic devices primarily aim to offer low power consumption, high speed, and a compact area. The performance of very large-scale integration (VLSI) devices is influenced by arithmetic operations, where multiplication is a crucial…

Memory-augmented neural networks (MANNs) refer to a class of neural network models equipped with external memory (such as neural Turing machines and memory networks). These neural networks outperform conventional recurrent neural networks…

The NEURON simulator has been developed over the past three decades and is widely used by neuroscientists to model the electrical activity of neuronal networks. Large network simulation projects using NEURON have supercomputer allocations…

Deep learning typically requires training a very capable architecture using large datasets. However, many important learning problems demand an ability to draw valid inferences from small size datasets, and such problems pose a particular…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are known for their inability to utilize underlying hardware resources due to hardware susceptibility to sparse activations and weights. Even in finer granularities, many of the non-zero values hold a portion of…

Estimates of energy usage in layers of computing from devices to algorithms have been determined and analyzed. Building on the previous analysis [3], energy needed from single devices and systems including three large-scale computing…

Due to the massive parallel computing capability and outstanding image and signal processing performance, cellular neural network (CNN) is one promising type of non-Boolean computing system that can outperform the traditional digital logic…

Standard deep learning algorithms require differentiating large nonlinear networks, a process that is slow and power-hungry. Electronic learning metamaterials offer potentially fast, efficient, and fault-tolerant hardware for analog machine…

The state-of-the-art approaches employ approximate computing to reduce the energy consumption of DNN hardware. Approximate DNNs then require extensive retraining afterwards to recover from the accuracy loss caused by the use of approximate…

The neuromorphic BrainScaleS-2 ASIC comprises mixed-signal neurons and synapse circuits as well as two versatile digital microprocessors. Primarily designed to emulate spiking neural networks, the system can also operate in a vector-matrix…

Binarized Neural Networks (BNNs) can significantly reduce the inference latency and energy consumption in resource-constrained devices due to their pure-logical computation and fewer memory accesses. However, training BNNs is difficult…

Research on neuromorphic computing is driven by the vision that we can emulate brain-like computing capability, learning capability, and energy-efficiency in novel hardware. Unfortunately, this vision has so far been pursued in a…

Neural networks (NNs) have been successfully deployed in various fields. In NNs, a large number of multiplyaccumulate (MAC) operations need to be performed. Most existing digital hardware platforms rely on parallel MAC units to accelerate…

AI chips commonly employ SRAM memory as buffers for their reliability and speed, which contribute to high performance. However, SRAM is expensive and demands significant area and energy consumption. Previous studies have explored replacing…