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We establish a general relation between the canonical energy-momentum tensor of Lagrangian dynamics and the tensor that acts as the source of the gravitational field in Einstein's equations, and we show that there is a discrepancy between…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-03-01 Hans C. Ohanian

Our concept of mass has evolved considerably over the centuries, most notably from Newton to Einstein, and then even more vigorously with the establishment of the standard model and the subsequent discovery of the Higgs boson. Mass is now…

General Physics · Physics 2023-12-14 Fulvio Melia

It was thought that the van der Waals force and gravitational force were distinct. Now a model is used to describe the attraction between macroscopic objects according to van der Waals interaction. The force between two objects with thermal…

General Physics · Physics 2013-03-18 Lei Zhang

It is pointed out that at present we only prove that inertial static mass and gravitational static mass are equivalent. We have not proved that inertial moving mass and gravitational moving mass are also equivalent. It is proved by the…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mei Xiaochun

Proposed in this paper is a possible interaction which exists in nature - inertial interaction. It gives matter an inertia and inertial mass. The formula of inertial mass has been derived. It is possible that inertial interaction leads to…

General Physics · Physics 2012-10-25 Xuejun Yang

In this article the concept of mass is analyzed based on the special and general relativity theories and particle (quantum) physics. The mass of a particle (m=E(0)/c^2) is determined by the minimum (rest) energy to create that particle…

General Physics · Physics 2009-02-18 S. O. Tagieva , M. Erturk

We define gravitational mass operator of a hydrogen atom in the post-Newtonian approximation of the General Relativity and show that it does not commute with energy operator. Nevertheless, the equivalence between the expectation values of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-11-24 A. G. Lebed

Rest mass takes the place of inertial mass in modern physics textbooks. It seems to be wrong. But this phenomenon is hidden away by the facts that rest mass adherents busily call rest mass "mass", not rest mass, and the word "mass" is…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. I. Khrapko

The classical concept of "mass density" is not fundamental to the quantum theory of matter. Therefore, mass density cannot be the source of gravitation. Here, we treat electromagnetic energy, momentum, and stress as its source. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-02-03 Kenneth Dalton

The equivalence principle in combination with the special relativistic equivalence between mass and energy, $E=mc^2$, is one of the cornerstones of general relativity. However, for composite systems a long-standing result in general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-22 Magdalena Zych , Łukasz Rudnicki , Igor Pikovski

It is generally assumed that any discrepancy between an object's inertial and gravitational masses, leading to a violation of the equivalence principle, arises from the nature of its internal constituents and their interactions. We show…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-22 Saurya Das , Mitja Fridman , Sourav Sur

Newton introduced the concept of mass in his {\it Principia} and gave an intuitive explanation for what it meant. Centuries have passed and physicists as well as philosophers still argue over its meaning. Three types of mass are generally…

General Physics · Physics 2012-01-19 J. L. Fry , Z. E. Musielak

The arguments of statistical nature for the existence of constituents of active gravitational masses are presented. The present paper proposes a basis for microscopic theory of universal gravitation. Questions like the relation of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Pawel O. Mazur

A good candidate to the role of passive gravitational mass of a Schwarzschild's incompressible sphere is represented by the substantielle Masse of the sphere, which is larger than the active gravitational mass. Presumably this inequality…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Loinger

We discuss some effects induced by quantum field fluctuations on mass, inertia and gravitation. Recalling the problem raised by vacuum field fluctuations with respect to inertia and gravitation, we show that vacuum energy differences, such…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-01-27 Marc-Thierry Jaekel , Serge Reynaud

Based on the theory of submicroscopic quantum mechanics recently constructed by the author the mass of elementary spatial excitations called inertons, which accompany a moving particle, is estimated herein. These excitations are treated as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Volodymyr Krasnoholovets

The mass of an astrophysical object can be estimated by the amount of gravitational lensing of another object that it causes. To arrive at the estimation however, one assumes the validity of the inverse square law of gravity, or…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-07 Saurya Das , Sourav Sur

Starting from the action function, we have derived a theoretical background that leads to the quantization of gravity and the deduction of a correlation between the gravitational and the inertial masses, which depends on the kinetic…

General Physics · Physics 2014-02-18 Fran De Aquino

According to Newton's law of gravitation the force between two particles depends upon their inertial, as well as their active and passive gravitational masses. For ordinary matter all three of these are equal and positive. We consider here…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-19 Sabbir Rahman

Gravitational force manifested in its affect on rotational velocity is what indicates the presence of dark matter in individual galaxies. Newtonian mechanics is generally used to derive the relationship between rotational velocity and…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. M. Snyder