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We investigate the potential of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) for measuring the magnetic fields in clusters of galaxies via Faraday rotation of background polarised sources. [...] We find that about 10 per cent of the sky is covered by a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Martin Krause , Paul Alexander , Rosie Bolton , Joern Geisbuesch , David A. Green , Julia Riley

We describe an hierarchical, frequency-domain beamforming architecture for synthesising a sky beam from the wideband antenna feeds of digital aperture arrays. The development of densely-packed, all-digital aperture arrays is an important…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-07-05 R. Armstrong , J. Hickish , K. Zarb Adami , M. E. Jones

The Square Kilometre Array (SKA), currently under design, will be a transformational facility for studying the Universe at centimetre and metre wavelengths in the next decade and beyond. This paper provides the current best estimate of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-01 Robert Braun , Anna Bonaldi , Tyler Bourke , Evan Keane , Jeff Wagg

A novel probabilistic sparsity-promoting method for robust near-field (NF) antenna characterization is proposed. It leverages on the measurements-by-design (MebD) paradigm and it exploits some a-priori information on the antenna under test…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Marco Salucci , Nicola Anselmi , Marco Donald Migliore , Andrea Massa

In this study, we investigate and fabricate a superdirective antenna array composed of strip dipole elements operating at a frequency of 3.5 GHz. The spacing, dimensions, and phase difference of the elements are optimized to achieve a super…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-09-19 Donal Patrick Lynch , Manos M. Tentzeris , Vincent Fusco , Stylianos D. Assimonis

We describe a uniform all-sky survey of bright blazars, selected primarily by their flat radio spectra, that is designed to provide a large catalog of likely gamma-ray AGN. The defined sample has 1625 targets with radio and X-ray properties…

Plasmonic nanolasers have ultrahigh lasing thresholds, especially those devices for which all three dimensions are truly subwavelength. Because of a momentum mismatch between the propagating light and localized optical field of the…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-23 Cheng Zhang , Yonghua Lu , Yuan Ni , Mingzhuo Li , Lei Mao , Chen Liu , Douguo Zhang , Hai Ming , Pei Wang

This paper introduces a framework for synthesizing reactively loaded antennas and antenna arrays. The framework comprises two main components: computing the fundamental bound using the semi-definite relaxation and finding a realizable…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-06-10 Albert Salmi , Miloslav Capek , Lukas Jelinek , Anu Lehtovuori , Ville Viikari

This letter presents an innovative design and implementation method for an ultra-wideband dual-polarized conformal phased array. The performance of single-layer continuous dipoles under bending conditions is evaluated through characteristic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Zhan Chen , Wei Hu , Yuchen Gao , Xiangbo Wang , Qi Luo

Beampattern synthesis seeks to optimize array weights to shape radiation patterns, playing a critical role in various wireless applications. In addition to theoretical advancements, recent hardware innovations have facilitated new avenues…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-07 Pinjun Zheng , Md. Jahangir Hossain , Anas Chaaban

The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is a planned large radio interferometer designed to operate over a wide range of frequencies, and with an order of magnitude greater sensitivity and survey speed than any current radio telescope. The SKA…

This paper presents the CosmicWeb-21cm array, a novel radio interferometer designed to overcome the key challenges in 21 cm cosmology. Its core innovations include: (1) a multi-scale nested geometry combining a hexagonal core with…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-03 Jiancheng Wang , Jirong Mao , Xiangming Cheng , Yigong Zhang , Jie Su , Xiaogu Zhong , Min Wang , Zhigang Zhang , Qingwei Wang , Yonghua Xu , Zhixuan Li , Longhua Qin , Zhengjun Zhang

We demonstrate a 64-pixel free-space-coupled array of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors optimized for high detection efficiency in the near-infrared range. An integrated, readily scalable, multiplexed readout scheme is…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-11 M. S. Allman , V. B. Verma , M. Stevens , T. Gerrits , R. D. Horansky , A. E. Lita , F. Marsili , A. Beyer , M. D. Shaw , D. Kumor , R. Mirin , S. W. Nam

Antenna arrays are beginning to make important contributions to high energy astroparticle physics supported by recent progress in the radio technique for air showers. This article provides an update to my more extensive review published in…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-17 Frank G. Schröder

The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is a radio telescope designed to operate between 70MHz and 10GHz. Due to this large bandwidth, the SKA will be built out of different collectors, namely antennas and dishes to cover the frequency range…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-01-04 Adam Gauci , Kristian Zarb Adami , John Abela , Babak E. Cohanim

The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND) is a proposed multi-messenger observatory of Ultra-High-Energy (UHE) particles of cosmic origin. Its main goal is to find the long-sought origin of UHE cosmic rays by detecting large…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-25 GRAND Collaboration , Jaime Álvarez-Muniz , Rafael Alves Batista , Aurélien Benoit-Lévy , Teresa Bister , Martina Bohacova , Mauricio Bustamante , Washington Carvalho , Yiren Chen , LingMei Cheng , Simon Chiche , Jean-Marc Colley , Pablo Correa , Nicoleta Cucu Laurenciu , Zigao Dai , Rogerio M. de Almeida , Beatriz de Errico , João R. T. de Mello Neto , Krijn D. de Vries , Valentin Decoene , Peter B. Denton , Bohao Duan , Kaikai Duan , Ralph Engel , William Erba , Yizhong Fan , Arsène Ferrière , Juan Pablo Góngora , QuanBu Gou , Junhua Gu , Marion Guelfand , Gang Guo , Jianhua Guo , Yiqing Guo , Claire Guépin , Lukas Gülzow , Andreas Haungs , Matej Havelka , Haoning He , Eric Hivon , Hongbo Hu , Guoyuan Huang , Xiaoyuan Huang , Yan Huang , Tim Huege , Wen Jiang , Sei Kato , Ramesh Koirala , Kumiko Kotera , Jelena Köhler , Bruno L. Lago , Zhisen Lai , Jolan Lavoisier , François Legrand , Antonios Leisos , Rui Li , Xingyu Li , Cheng Liu , Ruoyu Liu , Wei Liu , Pengxiong Ma , Oscar Macias , Frédéric Magnard , Alexandre Marcowith , Olivier Martineau-Huynh , Zach Mason , Thomas McKinley , Paul Minodier , Miguel Mostafá , Kohta Murase , Valentin Niess , Stavros Nonis , Shoichi Ogio , Foteini Oikonomou , Hongwei Pan , Konstantinos Papageorgiou , Tanguy Pierog , Lech Wiktor Piotrowski , Simon Prunet , Clément Prévotat , Xiangli Qian , Markus Roth , Takashi Sako , Sarvesh Shinde , Dániel Szálas-Motesiczky , Szymon Sławiński , Kaoru Takahashi , Xishui Tian , Charles Timmermans , Petr Tobiska , Apostolos Tsirigotis , Matías Tueros , George Vittakis , Vincent Voisin , Hanrui Wang , Jiale Wang , Shen Wang , Xiangyu Wang , Xu Wang , Daming Wei , Feng Wei , Emily Weissling , Juan Wu , Xiangping Wu , Xuefeng Wu , Xin Xu , Xing Xu , Fufu Yang , Lili Yang , Xuan Yang , Qiang Yuan , Philippe Zarka , Houdun Zeng , Chao Zhang , Jianli Zhang , Kewen Zhang , Pengfei Zhang , Qingchi Zhang , Songbo Zhang , Yi Zhang , Hao Zhou

The future of cm and m-wave astronomy lies with the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), a telescope under development by a consortium of 17 countries that will be 50 times more sensitive than any existing radio facility. Most of the key science…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-03-25 Simon Johnston , Ilana J. Feain , Neeraj Gupta

Extremely large aperture arrays (ELAAs) benefit the dual functions of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems by enabling high-throughput data streams and high angular resolution with near-field spatial diversity. However,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Yuan Liu , Xuesong Cai , Dipankar Saha , M. R. Bhavani Shankar , Björn Ottersten

Dielectric nanostructures have demonstrated optical antenna effects due to Mie resonances. Preliminary investigations on dielectric nanoantennas have been carried out for a trifecta of enhancements, i.e., simultaneous enhancements in…

GRAND (the Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection) is a proposed next-generation observatory targetting primarily the detection of ultra-high-energy neutrinos, with energies exceeding about 100 PeV. GRAND is envisioned as a collection of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-11 Olivier Martineau-Huynh