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In this paper, we propose another version of help-training approach by employing a Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) that improves the performance of the main discriminative classifier in the semi-supervised strategy. We introduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-09-07 Hamidreza Farhidzadeh

Self-training methods have proven to be effective in exploiting abundant unlabeled data in semi-supervised learning, particularly when labeled data is scarce. While many of these approaches rely on a cross-entropy loss function (CE), recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Aurelien Gauffre , Julien Horvat , Massih-Reza Amini

Semi-supervised learning aims to leverage a large amount of unlabeled data for performance boosting. Existing works primarily focus on image classification. In this paper, we delve into semi-supervised learning for object detection, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Zhenyu Wang , Yali Li , Ye Guo , Shengjin Wang

This study investigates treatment effect estimation in the semi-supervised setting, also can be interpreted as prediction-powered inference. In our setting, we can use not only the standard triple of covariates, treatment indicator, and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-05 Masahiro Kato

Semi-supervised learning leverages unlabeled data to enhance model performance, addressing the limitations of fully supervised approaches. Among its strategies, pseudo-supervision has proven highly effective, typically relying on one or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Negin Ghamsarian , Sahar Nasirihaghighi , Klaus Schoeffmann , Raphael Sznitman

Semi-supervised learning is a critical tool in reducing machine learning's dependence on labeled data. It has been successfully applied to structured data, such as images and natural language, by exploiting the inherent spatial and semantic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Vu Nguyen , Hisham Husain , Sachin Farfade , Anton van den Hengel

While semi-supervised learning (SSL) algorithms provide an efficient way to make use of both labelled and unlabelled data, they generally struggle when the number of annotated samples is very small. In this work, we consider the problem of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Sylvestre-Alvise Rebuffi , Sebastien Ehrhardt , Kai Han , Andrea Vedaldi , Andrew Zisserman

Measurement-constrained datasets, often encountered in semi-supervised learning, arise when data labeling is costly, time-intensive, or hindered by confidentiality or ethical concerns, resulting in a scarcity of labeled data. In certain…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-15 Yixin Shen , Yang Ning

We present a novel data-efficient semi-supervised framework to improve the generalization of image captioning models. Constructing a large-scale labeled image captioning dataset is an expensive task in terms of labor, time, and cost. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-27 Dong-Jin Kim , Tae-Hyun Oh , Jinsoo Choi , In So Kweon

We propose a general semi-supervised inference framework focused on the estimation of the population mean. As usual in semi-supervised settings, there exists an unlabeled sample of covariate vectors and a labeled sample consisting of…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-08-15 Anru Zhang , Lawrence D. Brown , T. Tony Cai

Disease diagnosis from medical images via supervised learning is usually dependent on tedious, error-prone, and costly image labeling by medical experts. Alternatively, semi-supervised learning and self-supervised learning offer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Attiano Purpura-Pontoniere , Demetri Terzopoulos , Adam Wang , Abdullah-Al-Zubaer Imran

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) aims to train a machine learning model using both labelled and unlabelled data. While the unlabelled data have been used in various ways to improve the prediction accuracy, the reason why unlabelled data could…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-28 Archer Moore , Heejung Shim , Jingge Zhu , Mingming Gong

Hierarchical probabilistic models, such as Gaussian mixture models, are widely used for unsupervised learning tasks. These models consist of observable and latent variables, which represent the observable data and the underlying…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-03-26 Keisuke Yamazaki

Semi-supervised segmentation tackles the scarcity of annotations by leveraging unlabeled data with a small amount of labeled data. A prominent way to utilize the unlabeled data is by consistency training which commonly uses a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Sukesh Adiga , Jose Dolz , Herve Lombaert

Learning algorithms normally assume that there is at most one annotation or label per data point. However, in some scenarios, such as medical diagnosis and on-line collaboration,multiple annotations may be available. In either case,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-03-19 Yan Yan , Romer Rosales , Glenn Fung , Jennifer Dy

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is a common approach to learning predictive models using not only labeled examples, but also unlabeled examples. While SSL for the simple tasks of classification and regression has received a lot of attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Jurica Levatić , Michelangelo Ceci , Dragi Kocev , Sašo Džeroski

Ordinal regression is aimed at predicting an ordinal class label. In this paper, we consider its semi-supervised formulation, in which we have unlabeled data along with ordinal-labeled data to train an ordinal regressor. There are several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Taira Tsuchiya , Nontawat Charoenphakdee , Issei Sato , Masashi Sugiyama

Deep neural networks have been widely used in communication signal recognition and achieved remarkable performance, but this superiority typically depends on using massive examples for supervised learning, whereas training a deep neural…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-15 Weidong Wang , Hongshu Liao , Lu Gan

We quantify the separation between the numbers of labeled examples required to learn in two settings: Settings with and without the knowledge of the distribution of the unlabeled data. More specifically, we prove a separation by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Alexander Golovnev , Dávid Pál , Balázs Szörényi

In supervised learning, the estimation of prediction error on unlabeled test data is an important task. Existing methods are usually built on the assumption that the training and test data are sampled from the same distribution, which is…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-30 Hui Xu , Robert Tibshirani