Related papers: Quasilocal energy exchange and the null cone
We investigate the energy distribution of a black hole in various spacetimes as reckoned by a distant observer using the quasi-local energy approach. In each case the horizon mass of a black hole: neutral, charged or rotating, is found to…
We develop an effective thermodynamic model for a black-hole interior composed of scalar quasiparticles. The interior is represented by two regions: a dense core and a surrounding crust, whose properties are controlled by the quasiparticle…
In the model of flat expansive homogeneous and isotropic relativistic universe with total zero and local non-zero energy the gravitation energy of bodies and the elecromagnetic energy of charged bodies can be localised.
We construct new conserved quasi-local energies in general relativity using the formalism developed by \cite{CWY}. In particular, we use the optimal isometric embedding defined in \cite{yau,yau1} to transplant the conformal Killing fields…
I describe the Einstein's gravitation of 3+1 dimensional spacetimes using the (2,2) formalism without assuming isometries. In this formalism, quasi-local energy, linear momentum, and angular momentum are identified from the four Einstein's…
We consider macroscopic systems in weak contact with boundary reservoirs and under the action of external fields. We present an explicit formula for the Hamiltonian of such systems, from which we deduce the equation of motions, the action…
Via the AdS/CFT correspondence, fundamental constraints on the entanglement structure of quantum systems translate to constraints on spacetime geometries that must be satisfied in any consistent theory of quantum gravity. In this paper, we…
We calculate the energy of the state closest to threshold for two and three identical, spinless particles confined to a cubic spatial volume with periodic boundary conditions and with zero total momentum in the finite-volume frame. The…
There are several definitions of energy density in quantum mechanics. These yield expressions that differ locally, but all satisfy a continuity equation and integrate to the value of the expected energy of the system under consideration.…
Black hole horizon is usually defined as the limit for existence of timelike worldline or when a spatially bound surface turns oneway (it is crossable only in one direction). It would be insightful and physically appealing to find its…
Energy has an ambiguous status in general relativity. For systems embedded in asymptotically flat space-times it is possible to construct an integral invariant that corresponds to total energy, however there is no local differential…
It is shown that the axial and polar perturbations of the spherically symmetric black hole can be described in a gauge-invariant way. The reduced phase space describing gravitational waves outside of the horizon is described by the…
The exchange of energy between a classical open system and its environment can be analysed for a single run of an experiment using the phase space trajectory of the system. By contrast, in the quantum regime such energy exchange processes…
The physical foundations of a variety of emerging technologies --- ranging from the applications of quantum entanglement in quantum information to the applications of nonequilibrium bulk and interface phenomena in microfluidics, biology,…
Three-dimensional icosahedral random tilings are studied in the semi-entropic model. We introduce a global energy measure defined by the variance of the quasilattice points in orthogonal space. The specific heat shows a pronounced Schottky…
We first review the various definition of the total energy in the gravitational system. The naive definition has some defects, and we review how to modify the definition of the total energy. Then we explicitly demonstrate how to calculate…
It is known that the overlap of two energy eigenstates in a decaying quantum system is bounded from above by a function of the energy detuning and the individual decay rates. This is usually traced back to the positive definiteness of an…
We give a simplified approach to Kunzinger & Saemann's theory of Lorentzian length spaces in the globally hyperbolic case; these provide a nonsmooth framework for general relativity. We close a gap in the regularly localizable setting, by…
A key objective in nuclear and high-energy physics is to describe nonequilibrium dynamics of matter, e.g., in the early universe and in particle colliders, starting from the Standard Model. Classical-computing methods, via the framework of…
The Fermi liquid theory may provide a good description of the thermodynamic properties of an interacting particle system when the interaction between the particles contributes to the total energy of the system with a quantity which may…