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Thermal measurements constrain the physical properties of icy satellite surfaces, including grain size, porosity, and regolith structure. On Europa, analyses of the Galileo Photopolarimeter-Radiometer (PPR) dataset revealed thermal inertia…

We analyze two sets of observations of Dione's co-orbital satellite Helene taken by Cassini's Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS). The first observation was a CIRS FP3 (600 to 1100cm-1, 9.1 to 16.7 ${\mu}$m) stare of Helene's trailing…

The Cassini/Composite InfraRed Spectrometer (CIRS) instrument has been observing the middle atmosphere of Titan over almost half a Saturnian year. We used the CIRS dataset processed through the up-to-date calibration pipeline to…

We present best-fit values of porosity -- and the corresponding effective thermal inertiae -- determined from three different depths in Europa's near-subsurface (~1-20 cm). The porosity of the upper ~20 cm of Europa's subsurface varies…

Thermal observations of the Pluto-Charon system acquired by the Herschel Space Observatory in February 2012 are presented. They consist of photometric measurements with the PACS and SPIRE instruments (nine visits to the Pluto system each),…

The temperatures of the heavy ions ($T_i$) in the solar corona provide critical information about the heating mechanism of the million-degree corona. However, the measurement of $T_i$ is usually challenging due to the nonthermal motion,…

The current sheet is an essential feature in solar flares and is the primary site for magnetic reconnetion and energy release. Imaging observations feature a long linear structure above the candle-flame-shaped flare loops, which resembles…

We use data from Cassini's Composite Infrared Spectrometer CIRS to map Mimas' surface temperatures and its thermophysical properties. This provides a dramatic improvement on the work in Howett et al. (2011), where the values were determined…

X-ray and EUV observations are an important diagnostic of various plasma parameters of the solar atmosphere during solar flares. Soft X-ray and EUV observations often show coronal sources near the top of flaring loops, while hard X-ray…

I report a model for the formation of Saturn's family of mid-sized icy moons to coincide with the first flypast of Rhea by the Cassini Orbiter spacecraft on 26 November 2005. It is proposed that these moons had condensed from a concentric…

At the solar equinox in August 2009, the Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) onboard Cassini showed the lowest Saturn's ring temperatures ever observed. Detailed radiative transfer models show that the observed equinox temperatures of…

Chromospheres and coronae are common phenomena on solar-type stars. Understanding the energy transfer to these heated atmospheric layers requires direct access to the relevant empirical data. Study of these structures has, by and large,…

We observed Ceres at three epochs in 2015 November and 2017 September and October with ALMA 12-meter array and in 2017 October with the ALMA Compact Array (ACA), all at ~265 GHz continuum (wavelengths of ~1.1 mm) to map the temperatures of…

In the present work we use a deep-exposure spectrum taken by the SUMER spectrometer in a polar coronal hole in 1996 to measure the ion temperatures of a large number of ions at many different heights above the limb between 0.03 and 0.17…

A detailed study is presented of the decaying solar active region NOAA 10103 observed with the Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer (CDS), the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) and the Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) onboard the Solar…

The intriguing circumpolar cyclone pattern at Jupiter's poles raises fundamental questions about how these systems are organized vertically and, further, how the planet's internal heat shapes and sustains them in the absence of solar…

Measurements of the temperature and density structure of the solar corona provide critical constraints on theories of coronal heating. Unfortunately, the complexity of the solar atmosphere, observational uncertainties, and the limitations…

During the past decade, a year-round observatory has been established at the geographic South Pole by the Center for Astrophysical Research in Antarctica (CARA). CARA has fielded several millimeter- and submillimeter-wave instruments:…

We report measurements of a polar coronal hole during the recent solar minimum using the Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer on Hinode. Five observations are analyzed that span the polar coronal hole from the central meridian to the…

The polarimetry of the light scattered by planetary surfaces is a powerful tool to provide constraints on their microstructure. To improve the interpretation of polarimetric data from icy surfaces, we have developed the POLarimeter for ICE…