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Annotators exhibit disagreement during data labeling, which can be termed as annotator label uncertainty. Annotator label uncertainty manifests in variations of labeling quality. Training with a single low-quality annotation per sample…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Chen Zhou , Mohit Prabhushankar , Ghassan AlRegib

Social media classification tasks (e.g., tweet sentiment analysis, tweet stance detection) are challenging because social media posts are typically short, informal, and ambiguous. Thus, training on tweets is challenging and demands…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Shizhe Diao , Sedrick Scott Keh , Liangming Pan , Zhiliang Tian , Yan Song , Tong Zhang

Incorporating every annotator's perspective is crucial for unbiased data modeling. Annotator fatigue and changing opinions over time can distort dataset annotations. To combat this, we propose to learn a more accurate representation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Uthman Jinadu , Yi Ding

Sentiment analysis or opinion mining has become an open research domain after proliferation of Internet and Web 2.0 social media. People express their attitudes and opinions on social media including blogs, discussion forums, tweets, etc.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2013-09-17 Anuj sharma , Shubhamoy Dey

Recently, sentiment analysis has received a lot of attention due to the interest in mining opinions of social media users. Sentiment analysis consists in determining the polarity of a given text, i.e., its degree of positiveness or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-19 Eric S. Tellez , Sabino Miranda Jiménez , Mario Graff , Daniela Moctezuma , Ranyart R. Suárez , Oscar S. Siordia

The development of real-time affect detection models often depends upon obtaining annotated data for supervised learning by employing human experts to label the student data. One open question in annotating affective data for affect…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-01-15 Eda Okur , Sinem Aslan , Nese Alyuz , Asli Arslan Esme , Ryan S. Baker

As a YouTube channel grows, each video can potentially collect enormous amounts of comments that provide direct feedback from the viewers. These comments are a major means of understanding viewer expectations and improving channel…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Rhitabrat Pokharel , Dixit Bhatta

Transgender community is experiencing a huge disparity in mental health conditions compared with the general population. Interpreting the social medial data posted by transgender people may help us understand the sentiments of these sexual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Yuqiao Liu , Yudan Wang , Ying Zhao , Zhixiang Li

Span annotation - annotating specific text features at the span level - can be used to evaluate texts where single-score metrics fail to provide actionable feedback. Until recently, span annotation was done by human annotators or fine-tuned…

Identifying misogyny using artificial intelligence is a form of combating online toxicity against women. However, the subjective nature of interpreting misogyny poses a significant challenge to model the phenomenon. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Jason Angel , Segun Taofeek Aroyehun , Grigori Sidorov , Alexander Gelbukh

Sensitive attributes are legally protected characteristics that should not be used to discriminate. Careful steps have been taken to minimize the risk of human bias regarding these fields, such as race and age. Large language models (LLMs)…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Anay Agarwalla , Simeon Sayer

Emotion expression and perception are nuanced, complex, and highly subjective processes. When multiple annotators label emotional data, the resulting labels contain high variability. Most speech emotion recognition tasks address this by…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-16 James Tavernor , Yara El-Tawil , Emily Mower Provost

Textual data annotation, the process of labeling or tagging text with relevant information, is typically costly, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their potential as direct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yu-Min Tseng , Wei-Lin Chen , Chung-Chi Chen , Hsin-Hsi Chen

Multi-label classification is a common supervised machine learning problem where each instance is associated with multiple classes. The key challenge in this problem is learning the correlations between the classes. An additional challenge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-05 Divya Padmanabhan , Satyanath Bhat , Shirish Shevade , Y. Narahari

The lack of contextual information in text data can make the annotation process of text-based emotion classification datasets challenging. As a result, such datasets often contain labels that fail to consider all the relevant emotions in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Daniel Yang , Aditya Kommineni , Mohammad Alshehri , Nilamadhab Mohanty , Vedant Modi , Jonathan Gratch , Shrikanth Narayanan

The NLP community has long advocated for the construction of multi-annotator datasets to better capture the nuances of language interpretation, subjectivity, and ambiguity. This paper conducts a retrospective study to show how performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Pritam Kadasi , Mayank Singh

Starting with the idea that sentiment analysis models should be able to predict not only positive or negative but also other psychological states of a person, we implement a sentiment analysis model to investigate the relationship between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-05 Hwiyeol Jo , Jeong Ryu

In the last couple decades, social network services like Twitter have generated large volumes of data about users and their interests, providing meaningful business intelligence so organizations can better understand and engage their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-01 Angela Lin

Multi-emotion sentiment classification is a natural language processing (NLP) problem with valuable use cases on real-world data. We demonstrate that large-scale unsupervised language modeling combined with finetuning offers a practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-05 Neel Kant , Raul Puri , Nikolai Yakovenko , Bryan Catanzaro

An identity denotes the role an individual or a group plays in highly differentiated contemporary societies. In this paper, our goal is to classify Twitter users based on their role identities. We first collect a coarse-grained public…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Binxuan Huang , Kathleen M. Carley