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BOUT++ is a 3D nonlinear finite-difference plasma simulation code, capable of solving quite general systems of PDEs, but targeted particularly on studies of the edge region of tokamak plasmas. BOUT++ is publicly available, and has been…

A new modular code called BOUT++ is presented, which simulates 3D fluid equations in curvilinear coordinates. Although aimed at simulating Edge Localised Modes (ELMs) in tokamak X-point geometry, the code is able to simulate a wide range of…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2010-08-27 B. D. Dudson , M. V. Umansky , X. Q. Xu , P. B. Snyder , H. R. Wilson

A new open source tool for fluid simulation of multi-component plasmas is presented, based on a flexible software design that is applicable to scientific simulations in a wide range of fields. This design enables the same code to be…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-06-21 Ben Dudson , Mike Kryjak , Hasan Muhammed , Peter Hill , John Omotani

Modeling the Scape-off layer (SOL) of stellarator fusion devices is challenging due to the complicated magnetic topology, requiring numerical tools to solve transport equations for realistic geometries. Previously the flux coordinate…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 David Bold , Brendan Shanahan

The software development process for embedded systems is getting faster and faster, which generally incurs an increase in the associated complexity. As a consequence, consumer electronics companies usually invest a lot of resources in fast…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-09-08 Felipe R. M. Sousa , Lucas C. Cordeiro , Eddie B. de Lima Filho

The transport of heat and particles in the relatively collisional edge regions of magnetically confined plasmas is a scientifically challenging and technologically important problem. Understanding and predicting this transport requires the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2017-04-26 Ben Dudson , Jarrod Leddy

Challenging aspects of large-scale turbulent edge simulations in plasma physics include robust nonlinear solvers and efficient preconditioners. This paper presents recent advances in the scalable solution of nonlinear partial differential…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2012-09-11 Ben Dudson , Sean Farley , Lois Curfman McInnes

The aim of this article is to present a comprehensive methodology for the verification of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solvers with a special attention to aspects pertinent to discretizations with orders of accuracy (OOAs) higher than…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-09-11 Farshad Navah , Siva Nadarajah

Recently the drift-reduced Landau fluid six-field turbulence model within the BOUT++ framework has been upgraded. In particular, this new model employs a new normalization, adds a volumetric flux-driven source option, the Landau fluid…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 Ben Zhu , Haruki Seto , Xue-qiao Xu , Masatoshi Yagi

In the last three decades, memory safety issues in system programming languages such as C or C++ have been one of the significant sources of security vulnerabilities. However, there exist only a few attempts with limited success to cope…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Felipe R. Monteiro , Mikhail R. Gadelha , Lucas C. Cordeiro

Much progress has been made in advancing and standardizing verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification practices for computational modeling in recent decades. However, examples of rigorous code verification for solid mechanics…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2019-02-21 Kenneth I Aycock , Nuno Rebelo , Brent A Craven

The complexity of software in embedded systems has increased significantly over the last years so that software verification now plays an important role in ensuring the overall product quality. In this context, SAT-based bounded model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2009-11-20 Lucas Cordeiro , Bernd Fischer , Joao Marques-Silva

Current algorithms for bounded model checking use SAT methods for checking satisfiability of Boolean formulae. These methods suffer from the potential memory explosion problem. Methods based on the validity of Quantified Boolean Formulae…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-11-09 Jacob Katz , Ziyad Hanna , Nachum Dershowitz

Particle-in-cell methods with stochastic collision models are commonly used to simulate collisional plasma dynamics, with applications ranging from hypersonic flight to semiconductor manufacturing. Code verification of such methods is…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Brian A. Freno , William J. McDoniel , Christopher H. Moore , Neil R. Matula

The BOUT++ code is used to simulate ELMs in a shifted circle equilibrium. Reduced ideal MHD simulations are first benchmarked against the linear ideal MHD code ELITE, showing good agreement. Diamagnetic drift effects are included finding…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2010-08-27 B. D. Dudson , X. Q. Xu , M. V. Umansky , H. R. Wilson , P. B. Snyder

This software performs the combination of $m$ correlated estimates of $n$ physics observables ($m\ge n$) using the Best Linear Unbiased Estimate (BLUE) method. It is implemented as a C++ class, to be used within the ROOT analysis package.…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2020-04-14 Richard Nisius

Stateflow models are complex software models, often used as part of industrial safety-critical software solutions designed with Matlab Simulink. Being part of safety-critical solutions, these models require the application of rigorous…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Predrag Filipovikj , Gustav Ung , Dilian Gurov , Mattias Nyberg

How to apply automated verification technology such as model checking and static program analysis to millions of lines of embedded C/C++ code? How to package this technology in a way that it can be used by software developers and engineers,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2013-01-03 Ralf Huuck

Mutation testing can help minimize the delivery of faulty software. Therefore, it is a recommended practice for developing embedded software in safety-critical cyber-physical systems (CPS). However, state-of-the-art mutation testing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Jaekwon Lee , Fabrizio Pastore , Lionel Briand

Complex engineering systems require integration of simulation of sub-systems and calculation of metrics to drive design decisions. This paper introduces a methodology for designing computational or physical experiments for system-level…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Efe Y. Yarbasi , Dimitri N. Mavris
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