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Related papers: Challenges in Analogical Reasoning

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Form a pure mathematical point of view, common functional forms representing different physical phenomena can be defined. For example, rates of chemical reactions, diffusion and heat transfer are all governed by exponential-type…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Navid Zobeiry , Keith D. Humfeld

Introductory mechanics ("physics 1") is a critical gateway course for students desiring to pursue a STEM career. A major challenge with this course is that there is a large spread in the students' incoming physics preparation, and this…

Physics Education · Physics 2021-11-25 Eric Burkholder , Shima Salehi , Sarah Sackeyfio , Nicel Mohamed-Hinds , Carl Wieman

Newtonian gravity can be regarded as a hypothetic-deductive system where the inverse square law is the starting point from which gravitational phenomena are deduced. This operational form of presenting gravity endorses problem solving and…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2019-06-12 Joao A M Pereira

As we typically teach in an introductory mechanics course, choosing a "good" reference frame with convenient axes may present a major simplification to a problem. Additionally, knowing some conserved quantities provides an extremely…

Physics Education · Physics 2011-08-10 Mikhail Kagan

In this paper we put forth a model for physics course reform that uniquely uses proven, research-based active learning strategies to help students improve their physics knowledge and problem-solving skills. In this study, we compared the…

Physics Education · Physics 2020-04-22 Colin S. Wallace , Edward E. Prather , John A. Milsom , Ken Johns , Srin Manne

Troubleshooting systems is integral to experimental physics in both research and instructional laboratory settings. The recently adopted AAPT Lab Guidelines identify troubleshooting as an important learning outcome of the undergraduate…

Understanding reasoning in large language models is complicated by evaluations that conflate multiple reasoning types. We isolate analogical reasoning, where a model transfers an attribute between entities that share known properties, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ruichen Xu , Wenjing Yan , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang

Analogy-making is at the core of human and artificial intelligence and creativity with applications to such diverse tasks as proving mathematical theorems and building mathematical theories, common sense reasoning, learning, language…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Christian Antić

Problem solving is central to physics instruction. Results from Physics Education Research (PER), however, demonstrate that traditional ways of teaching with problem solving are inefficient and ineffective for promoting true physics…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 William J. Gerace , Ian D. Beatty

In a recent report, the American Association of Physics Teachers has developed an updated set of recommendations for curriculum of undergraduate physics labs.1 This document focuses on six major themes: constructing knowledge, modeling,…

Physics Education · Physics 2015-09-02 N. G. Holmes , D. A. Bonn

Analogical reasoning is the ability to detect parallels between two seemingly distant objects or situations, a fundamental human capacity used for example in commonsense reasoning, learning, and creativity which is believed by many…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Christian Antić

Introductory undergraduate courses in classical physics stress a perspective that can be characterized as realist; from this perspective, all physical properties of a classical system can be simultaneously specified and thus determined at…

Physics Education · Physics 2012-09-04 Charles Baily , Noah D. Finkelstein

For many students, college physics courses have little or even negative impact on their beliefs about the connection between physics and the everyday world. One way to help students see this connection is to incorporate analysis of science…

Physics Education · Physics 2014-03-12 F. J. Kontur

Whoever has to learn or to teach thermodynamics is confronted with conceptual difficulties which are specific to this field of physics ([1],[2]). It seems that they can be eliminated by inserting relativity in the thermodynamic theory. The…

General Physics · Physics 2007-11-28 Jean-Louis Tane

We describe student difficulties in applying the superposition principle in combination with Gauss's law. We addressed these difficulties by developing a tutorial that uses guided inquiry. Students who used this tutorial following…

Physics Education · Physics 2023-08-07 Jing Li , Alexandru Maries , Chandralekha Singh

We use the Survey of Thermodynamic Processes and First and Second Laws-Long (STPFaSL-Long), a research-based survey instrument with 78 items at the level of introductory physics, to investigate introductory and advanced students'…

Physics Education · Physics 2024-08-05 Mary Jane Brundage , David E. Meltzer , Chandralekha Singh

Reasoning by analogies permeates theoretical developments in physics and astrophysics, motivated by the unreachable nature of many phenomena at play. For example, analogies have been used to understand black hole physics, leading to the…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-12-05 Carla R Almeida , Maxime J Jacquet

These lectures deal with the problem of inductive inference, that is, the problem of reasoning under conditions of incomplete information. Is there a general method for handling uncertainty? Or, at least, are there rules that could in…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2016-09-08 Ariel Caticha

We developed a two-day physics class that uses a nearby forest as a teaching location. Using low-cost material, students design and carry out physics projects outside of the usual controlled environment that is a classroom. In this way they…

Physics Education · Physics 2023-06-06 Frédéric Bouquet , Julien Bobroff , Lou-Andreas Etienne , Clara Vardon

Helping students learn from their own mistakes can help them develop habits of mind while learning physics content. Based upon cognitive apprenticeship model, we asked students to self-diagnose their mistakes and learn from reflecting on…

Physics Education · Physics 2016-03-11 Andrew Mason , Elisheva Cohen , Chandralekha Singh , Edit Yerushalmi