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The QCD critical point can be found in heavy ion collision experiments via the non-monotonic behavior of many fluctuation observables as a function of the collision energy. The event-by-event fluctuations of various particle multiplicities…
The paper presents a new statistical method that enables the use of systematic errors in the maximum-likelihood regression of integer-count Poisson data to a parametric model. The method is primarily aimed at the characterization of the…
The Poisson probability distribution is frequently encountered in physical science measurements. In spite of the simplicity and familiarity of this distribution, there is considerable confusion among physicists concerning the description of…
The centrality or the number of initial-state sources $V$ of the system produced in heavy ion collision is a concept that is not uniquely defined and subject to significant theoretical and experimental uncertainties. We argue that a more…
In this article, we introduce mixture representations for likelihood ratio ordered distributions. Essentially, the ratio of two probability densities, or mass functions, is monotone if and only if one can be expressed as a mixture of…
We discuss a method to obtain the true event-by-event net-charge multiplicity distributions from a corresponding measured distribution which is subjected to detector effects such as finite particle counting efficiency. The approach is based…
With the help of transport and statistical models, we find that the ratios of higher net-proton cumulants measured at RHIC are dominated by the statistical fluctuations. Future measurements should focus on the dynamical fluctuations, which…
We study the scaled variances of multiplicity fluctuations in nucleus-nucleus collisions at SPS and RHIC energies within the HSD transport model. The HSD results are compared with proton-proton data and with predictions of the…
In this work, we present a model-independent method to quantify the non-Gaussian fluctuations in the observable distributions, which are assessed by the difference between the measured observable distributions and reconstructed observable…
Fluctuations of conserved charges are a golden channel for measuring a QCD critical point in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. These fluctuations are quantified by measuring high-order cumulants of baryon-number distributions at a given…
Charged-particle multiplicity distributions are an interesting tool to study both soft- and hard-QCD processes in hadronic collisions. Since last century a significant range of center-of-mass energies has been probed, ranging from a few GeV…
We discuss several possible caveats which arise with the interpretation of measurements of fluctuations in heavy ion collisions. We especially focus on the ratios of particle yields, which has been advocated as a possible signature of a…
Higher moments of net-proton Binder ratio, which is suggested to be a good experimental measurement to locate the QCD critical point, is measured in relativistic heavy ion collisions. We firstly estimate the effect of statistical…
The pion multiplicity distribution is widely believed to reflect the statistical aspects of $\bar{p}p$ annihilation at rest. We try to reproduce it in a grand canonical picture with explicit conservation of electric charge, isospin, total…
We develop an innovative and unbiased procedure, based on event mixing, to account for unavoidable contributions from volume (or system size) fluctuations to experimentally measured moments of particle multiplicity distributions produced in…
Recently it has been proposed, in the context of experiments designed to resolve the neutrino mass hierarchy, to use the average posterior probability of one of the hypotheses as a measure of sensitivity of future experiments. This has led…
In this paper, we first use the distribution of the number of records to demonstrate that the right tail probabilities of counts of rare events are generally better approximated by the right tail probabilities of Poisson distribution than…
An interesting opportunity to determine thermodynamic and transport properties in more detail is to identify generic statistical properties of initial density perturbations. Here we study event-by-event fluctuations in terms of correlation…
The origin of bimodal behavior in the residue distribution experimentally measured in heavy ion reactions is reexamined using Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck simulations. We suggest that, depending on the incident energy and impact parameter of…
We propose new goodness-of-fit tests for the Poisson distribution. The testing procedure entails fitting a weighted Poisson distribution, which has the Poisson as a special case, to observed data. Based on sample data, we calculate an…