Related papers: 2-States and a fifth force
Quantum entanglement is the quantum information processing resource. Thus it is of importance to understand how much of entanglement particular quantum states have, and what kinds of laws entanglement and also transformation between…
The aim of this note is two-fold. In the first part of the paper we are going to investigate an inverse problem related to additive energy. In the second, we investigate how dense a subset of a finite structure can be for a given additive…
We propose a new method based on machine learning to \emph{play the devil's advocate} and investigate the impact of unknown systematic effects in a quantitative way. This method proceeds by reversing the measurement process and using the…
The theoretical computing of special values assumed by the hypergeometric functions has a high interest not only on its own, but also in sight of the remarkable implications to both pure Mathematics and Mathematical Physics. Accordingly, in…
Superstring theory, and a recent extension called M theory, are leading candidates for a quantum theory that unifies gravity with the other forces. As such, they are certainly not ordinary quantum field theories. However, recent duality…
Sum rules have played an important role in the development of many branches of physics since the earliest days of quantum mechanics. We present examples of one-dimensional quantum mechanical sum rules and apply them in two familiar systems,…
Infinite games where several players seek to coordinate under imperfect information are known to be intractable, unless the information flow is severely restricted. Examples of undecidable cases typically feature a situation where players…
We present a novel, perspicuous framework for building iterated ultrapowers. Furthermore, our framework naturally lends itself to the construction of a certain type of order indiscernibles, here dubbed tight indiscernibles, which are shown…
Several matrix/operator inequalies are given. Most of them are unexpected extensions of the Araki Log-majorization theorem, obtained thanks to a new log-majorization for positive linear maps and normal operators (Theorem 2.9). The main idea…
A wealth of astronomical data indicate the presence of mass discrepancies in the Universe. The motions observed in a variety of classes of extragalactic systems exceed what can be explained by the mass visible in stars and gas. Either (i)…
A method for revealing the covariance matrix of an unknown two-mode Gaussian state is given based on the interference with a reference twin beam whose covariance matrix is known. In the method, first- and second-order cross-correlation…
The reciprocal velocity force, $F(v)=\frac{C}{v}$, despite its theoretical and practical importance, is often neglected in mechanics courses. We use graphical methods to explain how such a force naturally arises from a device called a…
Consider a situation with two treatments, the first of which is randomized but the second is not, and the multifactor version of this. Interest is in treatment effects, defined using standard factorial notation. We define estimators for the…
We present a five-dimensional gravitational theory in a space-time-velocity Riemannian manifold. The equations of motion of a star moving around a galaxy are shown to be the Tully-Fisher law. The problem of the cosmological constant is…
Non-equilibrium steady states are subject to intense investigations but still poorly understood. For instance, the derivation of Fourier law in Hamiltonian systems is a problem that still poses several obstacles. In order to investigate…
A Schmidt filter is a modification of the Kalman filter that allows to append system parameters as states and considers their uncertainty effect in the filtering process without attempting to estimate such parameters. The states that are…
The equation of motion for test particles in $f(R)$ modified theories of gravity is derived. By considering an explicit coupling between an arbitrary function of the scalar curvature, $R$, and the Lagrangian density of matter, it is shown…
Gravitomagnetic and gravitoelectric forces have been studied for sometime and tests for detecting such forces arising from the earth, are under way. We apply similar considerations at the level of elementary particles in a formulation using…
In the scientific and engineering literature, the second law of thermodynamics is expressed in terms of the behavior of entropy in reversible and irreversible processes. According to the prevailing statistical mechanics interpretation the…
Physics is a fertile environment for trying to solve some number theory problems. In particular, several tentative of linking the zeros of the Riemann-zeta function with physical phenomena were reported. In this work, the Riemann operator…