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We show that an algorithmic construction of sequences of recursive trees leads to a direct proof of the convergence of random recursive trees in an associated Doob-Martin compactification; it also gives a representation of the limit in…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-07-01 Rudolf Grübel , Igor Michailow

We formulate code concatenation as the action of a unitary quantum circuit on an expanding tree geometry and find that for certain classes of gates, applied identically at each node, a binary tree circuit encodes a single logical qubit with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-03 Grace M. Sommers , David A. Huse , Michael J. Gullans

To each generic complex polynomial $p(z)$ there is associated a labeled binary tree (here referred to as a "lemniscate tree") that encodes the topological type of the graph of $|p(z)|$. The branching structure of the lemniscate tree is…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-06-05 Michael Epstein , Boris Hanin , Erik Lundberg

We consider the problem of learning optimal binary classification trees. Literature on the topic has burgeoned in recent years, motivated both by the empirical suboptimality of heuristic approaches and the tremendous improvements in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-05-14 Sina Aghaei , Andres Gomez , Phebe Vayanos

The range-minimum query (RMQ) problem is a fundamental data structuring task with numerous applications. Despite the fact that succinct solutions with worst-case optimal $2n+o(n)$ bits of space and constant query time are known, it has been…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-03-07 J. Ian Munro , Sebastian Wild

We consider extremal problems related to decks and multidecks of rooted binary trees (a.k.a. rooted phylogenetic tree shapes). Here, the deck (resp. multideck) of a tree $T$ refers to the set (resp. multiset) of leaf induced binary subtrees…

Binary embeddings provide efficient and powerful ways to perform operations on large scale data. However binary embedding typically requires long codes in order to preserve the discriminative power of the input space. Thus binary coding…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-12-08 Felix X. Yu , Aditya Bhaskara , Sanjiv Kumar , Yunchao Gong , Shih-Fu Chang

In this article we discuss the presentation of a random binary matrix using sequence of whole nonnegative numbers. We examine some advantages and disadvantages of this presentation as an alternative of the standard presentation using…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2012-01-18 Hristina Kostadinova , Krasimir Yordzhev

This paper describes a new and purely functional implementation technique of binary heaps. A binary heap is a tree-based data structure that implements priority queue operations (insert, remove, minimum/maximum) and guarantees at worst…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-12-18 Vladimir Kostyukov

A fringe subtree of a rooted tree is a subtree consisting of one of the nodes and all its descendants. In this paper, we are specifically interested in the number of non-isomorphic trees that appear in the collection of all fringe subtrees…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-09 Louisa Seelbach Benkner , Stephan Wagner

Given a matrix A \in R^{m x n}, we present a randomized algorithm that sparsifies A by retaining some of its elements by sampling them according to a distribution that depends on both the square and the absolute value of the entries. We…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-02 Abhisek Kundu , Petros Drineas

The m-sophistication of a finite binary string x is introduced as a generalization of some parameter in the proof that complexity of complexity is rare. A probabilistic near sufficient statistic of x is given which length is upper bounded…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-01-27 Bruno Bauwens

We introduce the Pitman Yor Diffusion Tree (PYDT) for hierarchical clustering, a generalization of the Dirichlet Diffusion Tree (Neal, 2001) which removes the restriction to binary branching structure. The generative process is described…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-06-17 David A. Knowles , Zoubin Ghahramani

Phylogenetic networks generalise phylogenetic trees and allow for the accurate representation of the evolutionary history of a set of present-day species whose past includes reticulate events such as hybridisation and lateral gene transfer.…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-09-05 Joan Carles Pons , Charles Semple , Mike Steel

Trees are useful entities allowing to model data structures and hierarchical relationships in networked decision systems ubiquitously. An ordered tree is a rooted tree where the order of the subtrees (children) of a node is significant. In…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Victor Parque , Tomoyuki Miyashita

A partition on [n] has an m-nesting if there exists i_1 < i_2 < ... < i_m < j_m < j_{m-1} < ... < j_1, where i_l and j_l are in the same block for all 1 <= l <= m. We use generating trees to construct the class of partitions with no…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-01-03 Marni Mishna , Lily Yen

This paper is devoted to a systematic study of a class of binary trees encoding the structure of rational numbers both from arithmetic and dynamical point of view. The paper is divided into two parts. The first one is a critical review of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2008-05-16 Claudio Bonanno , Stefano Isola

We study compact straight-line embeddings of trees. We show that perfect binary trees can be embedded optimally: a tree with $n$ nodes can be drawn on a $\sqrt n$ by $\sqrt n$ grid. We also show that testing whether a given binary tree has…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Hugo A. Akitaya , Maarten Löffler , Irene Parada

A new method for binning a set of $n$ data values into a set of m bins for the case where the bins are of different sizes is proposed. The method skips binning using a binary search across the bins all the time. It is proven the method…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Oswaldo Cadenas , Graham M. Megson

Peca suggested in a recent paper on the arxiv to consider binary butterfly trees and their Horton-Strahler numbers. The trees are obtained by glueing two binary trees together in a special way; the results are again binary trees but with a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-22 Helmut Prodinger