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The concept of differential privacy emerged as a strong notion to protect database privacy in an untrusted environment. Later on, researchers proposed several variants of differential privacy in order to preserve privacy in certain other…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Muneeb Ul Hassan , Mubashir Husain Rehmani , Jinjun Chen

The Sampled Gaussian Mechanism (SGM)---a composition of subsampling and the additive Gaussian noise---has been successfully used in a number of machine learning applications. The mechanism's unexpected power is derived from privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Ilya Mironov , Kunal Talwar , Li Zhang

Privacy preservation in machine learning, particularly through Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD), is critical for sensitive data analysis. However, existing statistical inference methods for SGD predominantly focus…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-15 Xintao Xia , Linjun Zhang , Zhanrui Cai

Suppose each user $i$ holds a private value $x_i$ in some metric space $(U, \mathrm{dist})$, and an untrusted data analyst wishes to compute $\sum_i f(x_i)$ for some function $f : U \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ by asking each user to send in a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Yuting Liang , Ke Yi

Linear queries, as the basis of broad analysis tasks, are often released through privacy mechanisms based on differential privacy (DP), the most popular framework for privacy protection. However, DP adopts a context-free definition that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Heng Zhao , Sara Saeidian , Tobias J. Oechtering

While significant progress has been made in conventional fairness-aware machine learning (ML) and differentially private ML (DPML), the fairness of privacy protection across groups remains underexplored. Existing studies have proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Zhi Yang , Changwu Huang , Ke Tang , Xin Yao

Motivation: Researchers need a rich trove of genomic datasets that they can leverage to gain a better understanding of the genetic basis of the human genome and identify associations between phenotypes and specific parts of DNA. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Nour Almadhoun Alserr , Gulce Kale , Onur Mutlu , Oznur Tastan , Erman Ayday

Dataset distillation (DD) compresses large datasets into smaller ones while preserving the performance of models trained on them. Although DD is often assumed to enhance data privacy by aggregating over individual examples, recent studies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Shuo Shi , Jinghuai Zhang , Shijie Jiang , Chunyi Zhou , Yuyuan Li , Mengying Zhu , Yangyang Wu , Tianyu Du

As multi-agent systems become more numerous and more data-driven, novel forms of privacy are needed in order to protect data types that are not accounted for by existing privacy frameworks. In this paper, we present a new form of privacy…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-10-04 Matthew T. Hale

We investigate the privacy of {\em any} algorithm whose outputs have Gaussian distribution. This work is motivated by the prevalence of such algorithms in several useful (ML) applications, and the comparatively little research that focuses…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yu Wei , Yun Lu , Malik Magdon-Ismail , Vassilis Zikas

Nowadays, machine learning models and applications have become increasingly pervasive. With this rapid increase in the development and employment of machine learning models, a concern regarding privacy has risen. Thus, there is a legitimate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Samah Baraheem , Zhongmei Yao

In federated learning collaborative learning takes place by a set of clients who each want to remain in control of how their local training data is used, in particular, how can each client's local training data remain private? Differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Marten van Dijk , Phuong Ha Nguyen

Differential privacy (DP) is a rigorous notion of data privacy, used for private statistics. The canonical algorithm for differentially private mean estimation is to first clip the samples to a bounded range and then add noise to their…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Gautam Kamath , Argyris Mouzakis , Matthew Regehr , Vikrant Singhal , Thomas Steinke , Jonathan Ullman

In this paper we study the problem of estimating the unknown mean $\theta$ of a unit variance Gaussian distribution in a locally differentially private (LDP) way. In the high-privacy regime ($\epsilon\le 1$), we identify an optimal privacy…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-06 Nikita P. Kalinin , Lukas Steinberger

It has been widely understood that differential privacy (DP) can guarantee rigorous privacy against adversaries with arbitrary prior knowledge. However, recent studies demonstrate that this may not be true for correlated data, and indicate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Yanan Li , Xuebin Ren , Shusen Yang , Xinyu Yang

Bootstrap is a common tool for quantifying uncertainty in data analysis. However, besides additional computational costs in the application of the bootstrap on massive data, a challenging problem in bootstrap based inference under…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-05 Holger Dette , Carina Graw

Differential privacy is a cryptographically-motivated definition of privacy which has gained significant attention over the past few years. Differentially private solutions enforce privacy by adding random noise to a function computed over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Kamalika Chaudhuri , Daniel Hsu

We investigate the local differential privacy (LDP) guarantees of a randomized privacy mechanism via its contraction properties. We first show that LDP constraints can be equivalently cast in terms of the contraction coefficient of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-12 Shahab Asoodeh , Maryam Aliakbarpour , Flavio P. Calmon

Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) is the dominant paradigm for private training, but its fundamental limitations under worst-case adversarial privacy definitions remain poorly understood. We analyze DP-SGD in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Murat Bilgehan Ertan , Marten van Dijk

Differential privacy (DP) provides a robust model to achieve privacy guarantees for released information. We examine the protection potency of sanitized multi-dimensional frequency distributions via DP randomization mechanisms against…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Fang Liu , Xingyuan Zhao