Related papers: Chirality in a quaternionic representation of the …
A heuristic diagram of the evolution of the standard genetic code is presented. It incorporates, in a way that resembles the energy levels of an atom, the physical notion of broken symmetry and it is consistent with original ideas by Crick…
This article introduces a novel binary representation of the canonical genetic code based on both the structural similarities of the nucleotides, as well as the physicochemical properties of the encoded amino acids. Each of the four mRNA…
In this work it is shown that 20 canonical amino acids (AAs) within genetic code appear to be a whole system with strict AAs positions; more exactly, with AAs ordinal number in three variants; first variant 00-19, second 00-21 and third…
A mechanism for creating an enantioenrichment in the amino acids, the building blocks of the proteins, that involves global selection of one handedness by interactions between the amino acids and neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae is…
The article seeks to formulate a synergetic law that is posited to be of common physicochemical and biological nature: an evolving system, possessing free energy and elements with chiral asymmetry may change the type of symmetry inside one…
Molecular chirality, a form of stereochemistry most often describing relative spatial arrangements of bonded neighbors around tetrahedral carbon centers, influences the set of 3D conformers accessible to the molecule without changing its 2D…
We study matrix forms of quaternionic versions of the Fourier Transform and Convolution operations. Quaternions offer a powerful representation unit, however they are related to difficulties in their use that stem foremost from…
It has been proposed that the degeneracy of the genetic code,i.e., the phenomenon that different codons (base triplets) of DNA are transcribed into the same amino acid, may be interpreted as the result of a symmetry breaking process. In the…
The attitude space has been parameterized in various ways for practical purposes. Different representations gain preferences over others based on their intuitive understanding, ease of implementation, formulaic simplicity, and physical as…
Chiral tetrahedral molecules can be dealt under the standard of quaternionic algebra. Specifically, non-commutativity of quaternions is a feature directly related to the chirality of molecules. It is shown that a quaternionic representation…
A mechanism for creating amino acid enantiomerism that always selects the same global chirality is identified, and subsequent chemical replication and galactic mixing that would populate the galaxy with the predominant species is described.…
The applications of quaternion in physics are discussed with an emphasis on elementary particle symmetry and interaction. Three colours of the quark and the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) can be introduced directly from the invariance of…
In this talk I discuss and clarify some issues concerning chiral and nonchiral properties of the one-dimensional supermultiplets of the N-Extended Supersymmetry. Quaternionic chirality can be defined for N=4,5,6,7,8. Octonionic chirality…
This paper presents, for the first time, four diversity types of protein amino acids. The first type includes two amino acids (G, P), both without standard hydrocarbon side chains; the second one four amino acids, as two pairs [(A, L), (V,…
This paper presents an experimental study on the application of quaternions in several machine learning algorithms. Quaternion is a mathematical representation of rotation in three-dimensional space, which can be used to represent complex…
Color in an image is resolved into 3 or 4 color components and 2-Dimages of these components are stored in separate channels. Most of the color image enhancement algorithms are applied channel-by-channel on each image. But such a system of…
We study the realization of chiral and parity transformations within a particle-like path-integral representation for Dirac fields, showing how those transformations can be implemented in a natural way within the formalism. We then obtain a…
The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences) is translated into proteins (amino acid sequences) by living cells. The code defines a mapping between tri-nucleotide sequences,…
We show that our recently published Arithmetic Model of the genetic code based on Godel Encoding is robust against symmetry transformations, specially Rumer s one U > G, A > C, and constitutes a link between the degeneracy structure and the…
Chirality plays an important role in physics, chemistry, biology, and other fields. It describes an essential symmetry in structure. However, chirality invariants are usually complicated in expression or difficult to evaluate. In this…