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Concept drift refers to changes in the distribution of underlying data and is an inherent property of evolving data streams. Ensemble learning, with dynamic classifiers, has proved to be an efficient method of handling concept drift.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Anjin Liu , Jie Lu , Guangquan Zhang

We introduce WildWood (WW), a new ensemble algorithm for supervised learning of Random Forest (RF) type. While standard RF algorithms use bootstrap out-of-bag samples to compute out-of-bag scores, WW uses these samples to produce improved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Stéphane Gaïffas , Ibrahim Merad , Yiyang Yu

We propose an online method for concept driftdetection based on dynamic classifier ensemble selection. Theproposed method generates a pool of ensembles by promotingdiversity among classifier members and chooses expert ensemblesaccording to…

Ensemble methods are among the state-of-the-art predictive modeling approaches. Applied to modern big data, these methods often require a large number of sub-learners, where the complexity of each learner typically grows with the size of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-29 Amichai Painsky , Saharon Rosset

Decision trees and random forest remain highly competitive for classification on medium-sized, standard datasets due to their robustness, minimal preprocessing requirements, and interpretability. However, a single tree suffers from high…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-02 Cencheng Shen , Yuexiao Dong , Carey E. Priebe

Random Forest (RF) is an ensemble supervised machine learning technique that was developed by Breiman over a decade ago. Compared with other ensemble techniques, it has proved its accuracy and superiority. Many researchers, however, believe…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-18 Khaled Fawagreh , Mohamad Medhat Gaber , Eyad Elyan

Random Forest (RF) is well-known as an efficient ensemble learning method in terms of predictive performance. It is also considered a Black Box because of its hundreds of deep decision trees. This lack of interpretability can be a real…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Haddouchi Maissae , Berrado Abdelaziz

Combining machine learning with econometric analysis is becoming increasingly prevalent in both research and practice. A common empirical strategy involves the application of predictive modeling techniques to 'mine' variables of interest…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-12-22 Mochen Yang , Edward McFowland , Gordon Burtch , Gediminas Adomavicius

Random forests are a machine learning method used to automatically classify datasets and consist of a multitude of decision trees. While these random forests often have higher performance and generalize better than a single decision tree,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Max Sondag , Christofer Meinecke , Dennis Collaris , Tatiana von Landesberger , Stef van den Elzen

Several studies have shown that combining machine learning models in an appropriate way will introduce improvements in the individual predictions made by the base models. The key to make well-performing ensemble model is in the diversity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Mohsen Shahhosseini , Guiping Hu

In this paper, Bayesian based aggregation of decision trees in an ensemble (decision forest) is investigated. The focus is laid on multi-class classification with number of samples significantly skewed toward one of the classes. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Jan Brabec , Lukas Machlica

Random Forests (RF) are among the state-of-the-art in many machine learning applications. With the ongoing integration of ML models into everyday life, the deployment and continuous application of models becomes more and more an important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Sebastian Buschjäger , Katharina Morik

Rapid increase of traffic volume on urban roads over time has changed the traffic scenario globally. It has also increased the ratio of road accidents that can be severe and fatal in the worst case. To improve traffic safety and its…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Muhammad Umer , Saima Sadiq , Abid Ishaq , Saleem Ullah , Najia Saher , Hamza Ahmad Madni

In many real-world applications, data are often collected in the form of stream, and thus the distribution usually changes in nature, which is referred as concept drift in literature. We propose a novel and effective approach to handle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Peng Zhao , Le-Wen Cai , Zhi-Hua Zhou

Tree ensembles are flexible predictive models that can capture relevant variables and to some extent their interactions in a compact and interpretable manner. Most algorithms for obtaining tree ensembles are based on versions of boosting or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-21 Gitesh Dawer , Yangzi Guo , Adrian Barbu

Random Forest (RF) is a widely used ensemble learning technique known for its robust classification performance across diverse domains. However, it often relies on hundreds of trees and all input features, leading to high inference cost and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Sijan Bhattarai , Saurav Bhandari , Girija Bhusal , Saroj Shakya , Tapendra Pandey

Random Forest (Breiman, 2001) is a successful and widely used regression and classification algorithm. Part of its appeal and reason for its versatility is its (implicit) construction of a kernel-type weighting function on training data,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-13 Domagoj Ćevid , Loris Michel , Jeffrey Näf , Nicolai Meinshausen , Peter Bühlmann

In this paper, error estimates of classification Random Forests are quantitatively assessed. Based on the initial theoretical framework built by Bates et al. (2023), the true error rate and expected error rate are theoretically and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-09 Ian Krupkin , Johanna Hardin

An algorithm to improve performance parameter for unsupervised decision forest clustering and density estimation is presented. Specifically, a dual assignment parameter is introduced as a density estimator by combining Random Forest and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-07-19 Hayder Albehadili , Naz Islam

Differences in data size per class, also known as imbalanced data distribution, have become a common problem affecting data quality. Big Data scenarios pose a new challenge to traditional imbalanced classification algorithms, since they are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Diego García-Gil , Salvador García , Ning Xiong , Francisco Herrera
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