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There are several puzzling phenomena from recent JWST observations, which seem to push the standard {\Lambda}CDM cosmology over the edge. All those puzzles can be understood in a coherent way if we assume that first massive black holes…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-08-14 Xiaobo Dong , Yongda Zhu , Marcia Rieke , George Rieke , Xinyu Li , Peter Behroozi , Haixia Ma , Runyu Meng , Zhiying Mao , Zhe Sun

Stars that plunge into the center of a galaxy are tidally perturbed by a supermassive black hole (SMBH), with closer encounters resulting in larger perturbations. Exciting these tides comes at the expense of the star's orbital energy, which…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-01-18 M. Cufari , C. J. Nixon , Eric R. Coughlin

Supermassive black holes with up to a $\rm 10^{9}~M_{\odot}$ dwell in the centers of present-day galaxies, and their presence has been confirmed at z $\geq$ 6. Their formation at such early epochs is still an enigma. Different pathways have…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 M. A. Latif , D. R. G. Schleicher , W. Schmidt , J. Niemeyer

Supermassive black holes are not only common in the present-day galaxies, but billion solar masses black holes also powered $z\geq 6$ quasars. One efficient way to form such black holes is the collapse of a massive primordial gas cloud into…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-06 M. A. Latif , M. Volonteri

The James Webb Space Telescope recently uncovered a population of massive black holes (BHs) in the first billion years after the Big Bang. Among these high-redshift BH candidates, observations have identified a class of active galactic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-08-21 Elia Cenci , Melanie Habouzit

The latest studies of massive star evolution indicate that an initially rapidly rotating star with sufficiently low metallicity can produce a rapidly rotating, massive stellar core that could be a progenitor of long-soft gamma-ray bursts…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Yuichiro Sekiguchi , Masaru Shibata

We investigate the pre-disruption gravitational dynamics and post-disruption hydrodynamics of the tidal disruption of stars by supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries. We focus on binaries with relatively low mass primaries…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-01-11 Eric R. Coughlin , Philip J. Armitage , Chris Nixon , Mitchell C. Begelman

Stars that are tidally disrupted by the massive black hole (MBH) may contribute significantly to the growth of the MBH, especially in dense nuclear star clusters (NSCs). Yet, this tidal disruption accretion (TDA) of stars onto the MBH has…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-02-09 Seungjae Lee , Ji-hoon Kim , Boon Kiat Oh

In addition to a supermassive black hole (SMBH), the central parsec of the Milky Way hosts over a hundred of massive, high velocity young stars whose existence, and organisation of a subset of them in one, or possibly two, mis-aligned…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-11-09 Rosalba Perna , Evgeni Grishin

In recent years, the formation and evolution of rapidly accreting supermassive stars has received significant attention in the hope of better understanding the origin of high redshift quasars. It is often taken for granted that once formed,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-08-19 Chris Nagele , Hideyuki Umeda

We review possible dynamical formation processes for central massive black holes in dense star clusters. We focus on the early dynamical evolution of young clusters containing a few thousand to a few million stars. One natural formation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Frederic A. Rasio , Marc Freitag , M. Atakan Gürkan

JWST observations demonstrate that supermassive black holes (SMBHs) exist by redshifts $z \gtrsim 10$, providing further evidence for "direct collapse" black hole (BH) formation, whereby massive ($\sim 10^{3-5} M_{\odot}$) SMBH seeds are…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-06-12 Eric R. Coughlin , Mitchell C. Begelman

The discovery of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at high redshifts has intensified efforts to understand their early formation and rapid growth during the cosmic dawn. Using a semi-analytical cosmological framework, we investigate the role…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-08 Zijian Wang , Yiqiu Ma , Yuxuan Li , Zheng Cai , Chanyan Wang , Qingwen Wu

In the last decade, the growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) has been intricately linked to galaxy formation and evolution and is a key ingredient in the assembly of galaxies. To investigate the origin of SMBHs, we perform…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-12-09 Aycin Aykutalp , John H. Wise , Marco Spaans , Rowin Meijerink

Accretion of stars on massive black holes (MBHs) can feed MBHs and generate tidal disruption events (TDEs). We introduce a new physically motivated model to self-consistently treat TDEs in cosmological simulations, and apply it to the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-11-25 Hugo Pfister , Jane Dai , Marta Volonteri , Katie Auchettl , Maxime Trebitsch , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz

We explore the possibility to detect the continuum radio signal from direct collapse black holes (DCBHs) by upcoming radio telescopes such as the SKA and ngVLA, assuming that after formation they can launch and sustain powerful jets at the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-08-04 B. Yue , A. Ferrara

Supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies occasionally disrupt stars or consume stellar-mass black holes (BHs) that wander too close, producing observable electromagnetic or gravitational wave signals. We examine how mass…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-10 Barak Rom , Re'em Sari

Tidal disruptions of stars by stellar-mass black holes are expected to occur frequently in dense star clusters. Building upon previous studies that performed hydrodynamic simulations of these encounters, we explore the formation and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-09 Kyle Kremer , Brenna Mockler , Anthony L. Piro , James C. Lombardi

Tidal Disruption of stars by supermassive central black holes from dense rotating star clusters is modelled by high-accuracy direct N-body simulation. As in a previous paper on spherical star clusters we study the time evolution of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-09-23 Shiyan Zhong , Peter Berczik , Rainer Spurzem

We study for the first time the environment of massive black hole (BH) seeds (~10^4-5 Msun) formed via the direct collapse of pristine gas clouds in massive haloes (>10^7 Msun) at z>6. Our model is based on the evolution of dark matter…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Bhaskar Agarwal , Sadegh Khochfar , Jarrett L. Johnson , Eyal Neistein , Claudio Dalla Vecchia , Mario Livio