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While contemporary reinforcement learning research and applications have embraced policy gradient methods as the panacea of solving learning problems, value-based methods can still be useful in many domains as long as we can wrangle with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Ashwin Ramaswamy , Ransalu Senanayake

A primary requirement for any reinforcement learning method is that it should produce policies that improve upon the initial guess. In this work, we show that the widely used Deep Q-Network (DQN) fails to satisfy this minimal criterion --…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Aditya Gopalan , Gugan Thoppe

We study reinforcement learning (RL) in high dimensional episodic Markov decision processes (MDP). We consider value-based RL when the optimal Q-value is a linear function of d-dimensional state-action feature representation. For instance,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Kamyar Azizzadenesheli , Animashree Anandkumar

Autonomous driving decision-making is a great challenge due to the complexity and uncertainty of the traffic environment. Combined with the rule-based constraints, a Deep Q-Network (DQN) based method is applied for autonomous driving lane…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Junjie Wang , Qichao Zhang , Dongbin Zhao , Yaran Chen

Learning how to act when there are many available actions in each state is a challenging task for Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents, especially when many of the actions are redundant or irrelevant. In such cases, it is sometimes easier to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Tom Zahavy , Matan Haroush , Nadav Merlis , Daniel J. Mankowitz , Shie Mannor

Network slicing promises to provision diversified services with distinct requirements in one infrastructure. Deep reinforcement learning (e.g., deep $\mathcal{Q}$-learning, DQL) is assumed to be an appropriate algorithm to solve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Chen Qi , Yuxiu Hua , Rongpeng Li , Zhifeng Zhao , Honggang Zhang

The behavior decision-making subsystem is a key component of the autonomous driving system, which reflects the decision-making ability of the vehicle and the driver, and is an important symbol of the high-level intelligence of the vehicle.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zixiang Wang , Hao Yan , Changsong Wei , Junyu Wang , Minheng Xiao

The variable and unpredictable load demands in hybrid agricultural tractors make it difficult to design optimal rule-based energy management strategies, motivating the use of adaptive, learning-based control. However, existing approaches…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-06 Hend Abououf , Sidra Ghayour Bhatti , Qadeer Ahmed

We propose a distributed deep learning model to successfully learn control policies directly from high-dimensional sensory input using reinforcement learning. The model is based on the deep Q-network, a convolutional neural network trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-10-16 Hao Yi Ong , Kevin Chavez , Augustus Hong

We investigate the use of Reinforcement Learning for the optimal execution of meta-orders, where the objective is to execute incrementally large orders while minimizing implementation shortfall and market impact over an extended period of…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-11-20 Tomas Espana , Yadh Hafsi , Fabrizio Lillo , Edoardo Vittori

We present a framework, which we call Molecule Deep $Q$-Networks (MolDQN), for molecule optimization by combining domain knowledge of chemistry and state-of-the-art reinforcement learning techniques (double $Q$-learning and randomized value…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Zhenpeng Zhou , Steven Kearnes , Li Li , Richard N. Zare , Patrick Riley

Optimized control of quantum networks is essential for enabling distributed quantum applications with strict performance requirements. In near-term architectures with constrained hardware, effective control may determine the feasibility of…

Deep reinforcement learning includes a broad family of algorithms that parameterise an internal representation, such as a value function or policy, by a deep neural network. Each algorithm optimises its parameters with respect to an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Zhongwen Xu , Hado van Hasselt , Matteo Hessel , Junhyuk Oh , Satinder Singh , David Silver

Deep reinforcement learning techniques have demonstrated superior performance in a wide variety of environments. As improvements in training algorithms continue at a brisk pace, theoretical or empirical studies on understanding what these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-16 Raghuram Mandyam Annasamy , Katia Sycara

Massive practical works addressed by Deep Q-network (DQN) algorithm have indicated that stochastic policy, despite its simplicity, is the most frequently used exploration approach. However, most existing stochastic exploration approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Wenhui Huang , Cong Zhang , Jingda Wu , Xiangkun He , Jie Zhang , Chen Lv

Decision making for autonomous driving in urban environments is challenging due to the complexity of the road structure and the uncertainty in the behavior of diverse road users. Traditional methods consist of manually designed rules as the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Niranjan Deshpande , Dominique Vaufreydaz , Anne Spalanzani

Considering its advantages in dealing with high-dimensional visual input and learning control policies in discrete domain, Deep Q Network (DQN) could be an alternative method of traditional auto-focus means in the future. In this paper,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Xiaofan Yu , Runze Yu , Jingsong Yang , Xiaohui Duan

Real-world reinforcement learning tasks often involve some form of partial observability where the observations only give a partial or noisy view of the true state of the world. Such tasks typically require some form of memory, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Kevin Esslinger , Robert Platt , Christopher Amato

Reinforcement learning continuously optimizes decision-making based on real-time feedback reward signals through continuous interaction with the environment, demonstrating strong adaptive and self-learning capabilities. In recent years, it…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Zixiang Wang , Hao Yan , Yining Wang , Zhengjia Xu , Zhuoyue Wang , Zhizhong Wu

While many sophisticated exploration methods have been proposed, their lack of generality and high computational cost often lead researchers to favor simpler methods like $\epsilon$-greedy. Motivated by this, we introduce $\beta$-DQN, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Hongming Zhang , Fengshuo Bai , Chenjun Xiao , Chao Gao , Bo Xu , Martin Müller