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Discrete diffusion models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for generative modeling on sequence data; however, the information-theoretic principles governing their reverse processes remain significantly less understood than those of their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Alberto Foresti , Mustapha Bounoua , Giulio Franzese , Luca Ambrogioni , Pietro Michiardi

Using a characterizing equation for the Beta distribution, Stein's method is applied to obtain bounds of the optimal order for the Wasserstein distance between the distribution of the scaled number of white balls drawn from a…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-01-03 Larry Goldstein , Gesine Reinert

In this work, several convergence results are established for nearly critical self-excited systems in which event arrivals are described by multivariate marked Hawkes point processes. Under some mild high-frequency assumptions, the rescaled…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-01-31 Wei Xu

State estimation in the presence of uncertain or data-driven noise distributions remains a critical challenge in control and robotics. Although the Kalman filter is the most popular choice, its performance degrades significantly when…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-01 Minhyuk Jang , Astghik Hakobyan , Insoon Yang

In (Barbour, 1990) foundations for diffusion approximation via Stein's method are laid. This paper has been cited more than 130 times and is a cornerstone in the area of Stein's method. A semigroup argument is used therein to solve a Stein…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-04-18 Mikolaj J. Kasprzak , Andrew B. Duncan , Sebastian J. Vollmer

In this paper, a modification of the conventional approximations to the quasi-maximum likelihood method is introduced for the parameter estimation of diffusion processes from discrete observations. This is based on a convergent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-12-19 J. C. Jimenez

The precision measurement of diffusion coefficient of solution is very important for the clear understanding of material transfer and interaction between the materials. But the high precision measurement of diffusion coefficient is very…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-09-07 Ju Dok-Yong , Jo Jong-Hyon , Kim Nam-Chol

We develop Stein's method for $\alpha$-stable approximation with $\alpha\in(0,1]$, continuing the recent line of research by Xu \cite{lihu} and Chen, Nourdin and Xu \cite{C-N-X} in the case $\alpha\in(1,2).$ The main results include an…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-04-16 Peng Chen , Ivan Nourdin , Lihu Xu , Xiaochuan Yang , Rui Zhang

We challenge a fundamental assumption of diffusion models, namely, that a large number of latent-states or time-steps is required for training so that the reverse generative process is close to a Gaussian. We first show that with careful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Samarth Gupta , Raghudeep Gadde , Rui Chen , Aleix M. Martinez

Under natural conditions, we proved the exponential ergodicity in Wasserstein distance of two-type continuous-state branching processes in L\'evy random environments with immigration. Furthermore, we expressed accurately the parameters of…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-02-14 Shukai Chen , Rongjuan Fang , Xiangqi Zheng

We deal with a continuous-time Ehrenfest model defined over an extended star graph, defined as a lattice formed by the integers of $d$ semiaxis joined at the origin. The dynamics on each ray are regulated by linear transition rates, whereas…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-05-18 Antonio Di Crescenzo , Barbara Martinucci , Serena Spina

The stationary distribution of a sample taken from a Wright-Fisher diffusion with general small mutation rates is found using a coalescent approach. The approximation is equivalent to having at most one mutation in the coalescent tree to…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-10-31 Conrad J. Burden , Robert C. Griffiths

The stochastic thermodynamics of a dilute, well-stirred mixture of chemically-reacting species is built on the stochastic trajectories of reaction events obtained from the Chemical Master Equation. However, when the molecular populations…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-07-04 Jordan M. Horowitz

The numerical approximation of an inverse problem subject to the convection--diffusion equation when diffusion dominates is studied. We derive Carleman estimates that are on a form suitable for use in numerical analysis and with explicit…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-25 Erik Burman , Mihai Nechita , Lauri Oksanen

We use an Ornstein--Uhlenbeck (OU) process to approximate the queue length process in a $GI/GI/n+M$ queue. This one-dimensional diffusion model is able to produce accurate performance estimates in two overloaded regimes: In the first…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-12-17 Shuangchi He

This paper focuses on the distributed static estimation problem and a Belief Propagation (BP) based estimation algorithm is proposed. We provide a complete analysis for convergence and accuracy of it. More precisely, we offer conditions…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-07 Damián Marelli , Tianju Sui , Minyue Fu , Ximing Sun

This paper proposes a novel reaction-diffusion system approximation tailored for singular diffusion problems, typified by the fast diffusion equation. While such approximation methods have been successfully applied to degenerate parabolic…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Hideki Murakawa , Florian Salin

We obtain new transport-entropy inequalities and, as a by-product, new deviation estimates for the laws of two kinds of discrete stochastic approximation schemes. The first one refers to the law of an Euler like discretization scheme of a…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-02-01 Max Fathi , Noufel Frikha

In this paper, we consider the convergence rate with respect to the Wasserstein distance in the invariance principle for sequential dynamical systems. We utilize and modify the techniques previously employed for stationary sequences to…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Zhenxin Liu , Zhe Wang

We investigate three different methods for systematically approximating the diffusion coefficient of a deterministic random walk on the line which contains dynamical correlations that change irregularly under parameter variation. Capturing…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 Georgie Knight , Rainer Klages
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