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SGD (Stochastic Gradient Descent) is a popular algorithm for large scale optimization problems due to its low iterative cost. However, SGD can not achieve linear convergence rate as FGD (Full Gradient Descent) because of the inherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Aixiang Chen , Bingchuan Chen , Xiaolong Chai , Rui Bian , Hengguang Li

We develop a new method of online inference for a vector of parameters estimated by the Polyak-Ruppert averaging procedure of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithms. We leverage insights from time series regression in econometrics and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-09 Sokbae Lee , Yuan Liao , Myung Hwan Seo , Youngki Shin

This paper proposes a thorough theoretical analysis of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) with non-increasing step sizes. First, we show that the recursion defining SGD can be provably approximated by solutions of a time inhomogeneous…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-02-02 Xavier Fontaine , Valentin De Bortoli , Alain Durmus

We consider the setting where a master wants to run a distributed stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm on $n$ workers each having a subset of the data. Distributed SGD may suffer from the effect of stragglers, i.e., slow or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Serge Kas Hanna , Rawad Bitar , Parimal Parag , Venkat Dasari , Salim El Rouayheb

We consider the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm driven by a general stochastic sequence, including i.i.d noise and random walk on an arbitrary graph, among others; and analyze it in the asymptotic sense. Specifically, we employ…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Jie Hu , Vishwaraj Doshi , Do Young Eun

We propose a new stochastic optimization framework for empirical risk minimization problems such as those that arise in machine learning. The traditional approaches, such as (mini-batch) stochastic gradient descent (SGD), utilize an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-04 Kenji Kawaguchi , Haihao Lu

Stein variational gradient descent (SVGD) is a kernel-based particle method for sampling from a target distribution, e.g., in generative modeling and Bayesian inference. SVGD does not require estimating the gradient of the log-density,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-10 Viktor Stein , Wuchen Li

In this work, we propose a stochastic gradient descent (SGD) framework to design data-driven policy gradient descent algorithms for the linear quadratic regulator problem. Two alternative schemes are considered to estimate the policy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-24 Bowen Song , Simon Weissmann , Mathias Staudigl , Andrea Iannelli

This study investigates leveraging stochastic gradient descent (SGD) to learn operators between general Hilbert spaces. We propose weak and strong regularity conditions for the target operator to depict its intrinsic structure and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-13 Lei Shi , Jia-Qi Yang

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) plays a central role in modern machine learning. While there is extensive work on providing error upper bound for SGD, not much is known about SGD error lower bound. In this paper, we study the convergence…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-21 Zhiyan Ding , Yiding Chen , Qin Li , Xiaojin Zhu

Classical stochastic gradient methods are well suited for minimizing expected-value objective functions. However, they do not apply to the minimization of a nonlinear function involving expected values or a composition of two expected-value…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-17 Mengdi Wang , Ethan X. Fang , Han Liu

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimization algorithms are key ingredients in a series of machine learning applications. In this article we perform a rigorous strong error analysis for SGD optimization algorithms. In particular, we prove…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-10-05 Arnulf Jentzen , Benno Kuckuck , Ariel Neufeld , Philippe von Wurstemberger

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) has proven to be remarkably effective in optimizing deep neural networks that employ ever-larger numbers of parameters. Yet, improving the efficiency of large-scale optimization remains a vital and highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Frithjof Gressmann , Zach Eaton-Rosen , Carlo Luschi

Stochastic mirror descent (SMD) is a fairly new family of algorithms that has recently found a wide range of applications in optimization, machine learning, and control. It can be considered a generalization of the classical stochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-04-04 Navid Azizan , Babak Hassibi

Machine learning has made tremendous progress in recent years, with models matching or even surpassing humans on a series of specialized tasks. One key element behind the progress of machine learning in recent years has been the ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Giorgi Nadiradze , Ilia Markov , Bapi Chatterjee , Vyacheslav Kungurtsev , Dan Alistarh

The representation of functions by artificial neural networks depends on a large number of parameters in a non-linear fashion. Suitable parameters of these are found by minimizing a 'loss functional', typically by stochastic gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Stephan Wojtowytsch

We study convergence properties of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) for convex objectives without assumptions on smoothness or strict convexity. We consider the question of establishing that with high probability the objective evaluated at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Andrea Schioppa

In this paper, we investigate a general class of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithms, called Conditioned SGD, based on a preconditioning of the gradient direction. Using a discrete-time approach with martingale tools, we establish…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-17 Rémi Leluc , François Portier

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is one of the most popular algorithms in modern machine learning. The noise encountered in these applications is different from that in many theoretical analyses of stochastic gradient algorithms. In this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-16 Stephan Wojtowytsch

Stochastic gradient algorithms have been the main focus of large-scale learning problems and they led to important successes in machine learning. The convergence of SGD depends on the careful choice of learning rate and the amount of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-03 Caglar Gulcehre , Marcin Moczulski , Yoshua Bengio