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The Ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) was introduced by Evensen in 1994 [10] as a novel method for data assimilation: state estimation for noisily observed time-dependent problems. Since that time it has had enormous impact in many application…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-04-08 Marco A. Iglesias , Kody J. H. Law , Andrew M. Stuart

Among the class of nonlinear particle filtering methods, the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) has gained recent attention for its use in solving inverse problems. We review the original method and discuss recent developments in particular in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-04-06 Michael Herty , Elisa Iacomini , Giuseppe Visconti

The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is a data assimilation technique that uses an ensemble of models, updated with data, to track the time evolution of a usually non-linear system. It does so by using an empirical approximation to the…

Applications · Statistics 2021-03-12 Elizabeth Hou , Earl Lawrence , Alfred O. Hero

The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is a method for combining a dynamical model with data in a sequential fashion. Despite its widespread use, there has been little analysis of its theoretical properties. Many of the algorithmic innovations…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-17 D. T. B. Kelly , K. J. H. Law , A. M. Stuart

The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is a recursive filter suitable for problems with a large number of variables, such as discretizations of partial differential equations in geophysical models. The EnKF originated as a version of the Kalman…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2009-01-26 Jan Mandel

The Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) belongs to the class of iterative particle filtering methods and can be used for solving control--to--observable inverse problems. In this context, the EnKF is known as Ensemble Kalman Inversion (EKI). In…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-02-17 Dieter Armbruster , Michael Herty , Giuseppe Visconti

The ensemble Kalman filter is a well-known and celebrated data assimilation algorithm. It is of particular relevance as it used for high-dimensional problems, by updating an ensemble of particles through a sample mean and covariance…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-07-27 Neil K. Chada

Ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is an important data assimilation method for high dimensional geophysical systems. Efficient implementation of EnKF in practice often involves the localization technique, which updates each component using only…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-04-04 Xin T. Tong

Contemporary data assimilation often involves more than a million prediction variables. Ensemble Kalman filters (EnKF) have been developed by geoscientists. They are successful indispensable tools in science and engineering, because they…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-05-26 Andrew J. Majda , Xin T. Tong

The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is a Monte Carlo based implementation of the Kalman filter (KF) for extremely high-dimensional, possibly nonlinear and non-Gaussian state estimation problems. Its ability to handle state dimensions in the…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-12 Michael Roth , Gustaf Hendeby , Carsten Fritsche , Fredrik Gustafsson

Ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) has been widely used in state estimation and parameter estimation for the dynamic system where observational data is obtained sequentially in time. To reduce uncertainty and accelerate posterior inference, a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-11-14 Yuming Ba , Lijian Jiang , Na Ou

We discuss properties of hierarchical Bayesian inversion through the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF). Our focus will be primarily on deriving continuous-time limits for hierarchical inversion in the linear case. An important characteristic of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-01-04 Neil K. Chada

This paper extends the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) for inverse problems to identify trending model coefficients. This is done by repeatedly inflating the ensemble while maintaining the mean of the particles. As a benchmark serves a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-01-30 M. Schwenzer , G. Visconti , M. Ay , T. Bergs , M. Herty , D. Abel

The iterative ensemble Kalman filter (IEnKF) is widely used in inverse problems to estimate system parameters from limited observations. However, the IEnKF, when applied to nonlinear systems, can be plagued by poor convergence. Here we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-11 Jiacheng Wu , Jian-Xun Wang , Shawn C. Shadden

The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is a popular technique for performing inference in state-space models (SSMs), particularly when the dynamic process is high-dimensional. Unlike reweighting methods such as sequential Monte Carlo (SMC, i.e.…

Parameter estimation has a high importance in the geosciences. The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) allows parameter estimation for large, time-dependent systems. For large systems, the EnKF is applied using small ensembles, which may lead to…

Applications · Statistics 2021-08-05 Johannes Keller , Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen , Wolfgang Nowak

The Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF), as a fundamental data assimilation approach, has been widely used in many fields of the sciences and engineering. When the state variable is of high dimensional accompanied with high resolution…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-18 Shouxia Wang , Hao-Xuan Sun , Song Xi Chen

The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) (Evensen, 2009) has proven effective in quantifying uncertainty in a number of challenging dynamic, state estimation, or data assimilation, problems such as weather forecasting and ocean modeling. In these…

This paper develops an efficient implementation of the ensemble Kalman filter based on a modified Cholesky decomposition for inverse covariance matrix estimation. This implementation is named EnKF-MC. Background errors corresponding to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-05-31 Elias D. Nino , Adrian Sandu , Xinwei Deng

The Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) has achieved great successes in data assimilation in atmospheric and oceanic sciences, but its failure in convergence to the right filtering distribution precludes its use for uncertainty quantification. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-13 Peiyi Zhang , Qifan Song , Faming Liang
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