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In many medical studies, an ultimate failure event such as death is likely to be affected by the occurrence and timing of other intermediate clinical events. Both event times are subject to censoring by loss-to-follow-up but the nonterminal…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-18 Fei Gao , Fan Xia , Kwun Chuen Gary Chan

In the analysis of time-to-event data with multiple causes using a competing risks Cox model, often the cause of failure is unknown for some of the cases. The probability of a missing cause is typically assumed to be independent of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-08-01 Daniel Nevo , Reiko Nishihara , Shuji Ogino , Molin Wang

Breast cancer patients may experience relapse or death after surgery during the follow-up period, leading to dependent censoring of relapse. This phenomenon, known as semi-competing risk, imposes challenges in analyzing treatment effects on…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-03 Tonghui Yu , Mengjiao Peng , Yifan Cui , Elynn Chen , Chixiang Chen

The usual parametric models for survival data are of the following form. Some parametrically specified hazard rate $\alpha(s,\theta)$ is assumed for possibly censored random life times $X_1^0,\ldots,X_n^0$; one observes only…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-25 Nils Lid Hjort

We consider a class of semiparametric regression models which are one-parameter extensions of the Cox [J. Roy. Statist. Soc. Ser. B 34 (1972) 187-220] model for right-censored univariate failure times. These models assume that the hazard…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Michael R. Kosorok , Bee Leng Lee , Jason P. Fine

In this paper, we develop a semiparametric sensitivity analysis approach designed to address unmeasured confounding in observational studies with time-to-event outcomes. We target estimation of the marginal distributions of potential…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-21 Linda Amoafo , Shiyao Xu , Elizabeth Platz , Daniel Scharfstein

This paper studies identification and inference in transformation models with endogenous censoring. Many kinds of duration models, such as the accelerated failure time model, proportional hazard model, and mixed proportional hazard model,…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-07-05 Shosei Sakaguchi

Detection limits are common in biomedical and environmental studies, where key covariates or outcomes are censored below an assay-specific threshold. Standard approaches such as complete-case analysis, single-value substitution, and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-12 Y. Xu , S. Tu L. Shao , T. Lin , X. M. Tu

Accelerated failure time (AFT) models are frequently used to model survival data, providing a direct quantification of the relationship between event times and covariates. These models allow for the acceleration or deceleration of failure…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-23 Aishwarya Bhaskaran , Ding Ma , Benoit Liquet , Angela Hong , Stephane Heritier , Serigne N Lo , Jun Ma

We propose a novel estimation approach for a general class of semi-parametric time series models where the conditional expectation is modeled through a parametric function. The proposed class of estimators is based on a Gaussian…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-21 Mirko Armillotta , Paolo Gorgi

In this work we deal with correlated failure time (age at onset) data arising from population-based case-control studies, where case and control probands are selected by population-based sampling and an array of risk factor measures is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Malka Gorfine , David M. Zucker , Li Hsu

Longitudinal observational patient data can be used to investigate the causal effects of time-varying treatments on time-to-event outcomes. Several methods have been developed for controlling for the time-dependent confounding that…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-08 Ruth H. Keogh , Jon Michael Gran , Shaun R. Seaman , Gwyneth Davies , Stijn Vansteelandt

Evaluating and validating the performance of prediction models is a fundamental task in statistics, machine learning, and their diverse applications. However, developing robust performance metrics for competing risks time-to-event data…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-22 Zian Zhuang , Wen Su , Eric Kawaguchi , Gang Li

We study a regression problem where for some part of the data we observe both the label variable ($Y$) and the predictors (${\bf X}$), while for other part of the data only the predictors are given. Such a problem arises, for example, when…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-14 David Azriel , Lawrence D. Brown , Michael Sklar , Richard Berk , Andreas Buja , Linda Zhao

Many clinical studies require the follow-up of patients over time. This is challenging: apart from frequently observed drop-out, there are often also organizational and financial challenges, which can lead to reduced data collection and, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Fateme Nateghi Haredasht , Celine Vens

The Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) study is a long-running prospective study of incident all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). As the cohort ages, death (a terminal event) is a prominent competing risk for AD (a non-terminal…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-09 Daniel Nevo , Deborah Blacker , Eric B. Larson , Sebastien Haneuse

Current status censoring or case I interval censoring takes place when subjects in a study are observed just once to check if a particular event has occurred. If the event is recurring, the data are classified as current count data; if…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-15 Pavithra Hariharan , P. G. Sankaran

Competing risks data arise frequently in clinical trials. When the proportional subdistribution hazard assumption is violated or two cumulative incidence function (CIF) curves cross, rather than comparing the overall treatment effects,…

Applications · Statistics 2021-06-22 Jinbao Chen , Yawen Hou , Zheng Chen

The analysis and planning methods for competing risks model have been described in the literatures in recent decades, and non-inferiority clinical trials are helpful in current pharmaceutical practice. Analytical methods for non-inferiority…

Applications · Statistics 2021-06-22 Dong Han , Zheng Chen , Yawen Hou

Interval-censored covariates are frequently encountered in biomedical studies, particularly in time-to-event data or when measurements are subject to detection or quantification limits. Yet, the estimation of regression models with…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-15 Andrea Toloba , Klaus Langohr , Guadalupe Gómez Melis