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We study uniform spanning trees (USTs) on the cylindrical graph $G = C_n \times P_m$. Fix a trunk $L$ as a designated simple path in the tree connecting the two boundary rings of the cylinder. We prove an exponential tail bound for the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-09 Nikita Kalinin , Denis Rakhmankin

We study random two-component spanning forests ($2$SFs) of finite graphs, giving formulas for the first and second moments of the sizes of the components, vertex-inclusion probabilities for one or two vertices, and the probability that an…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-04-06 Adrien Kassel , Richard Kenyon , Wei Wu

In this paper we introduce a variation on the multidimensional segment tree, formed by unifying different interpretations of the dimensionalities of the data structure. We give some new definitions to previously well-defined concepts that…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2013-02-28 David P. Wagner

We generalize the uniform spanning tree to construct a family of determinantal measures on essential spanning forests on periodic planar graphs in which every component tree is bi-infinite. Like the uniform spanning tree, these measures…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-02-14 Richard Kenyon

The problem of enumerating spanning trees on graphs and lattices is considered. We obtain bounds on the number of spanning trees $N_{ST}$ and establish inequalities relating the numbers of spanning trees of different graphs or lattices. A…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-11-26 R. Shrock , F. Y. Wu

In this series, we introduce and investigate the concept of connectoids, which captures the connectivity structure of various discrete objects such as undirected graphs, directed graphs, bidirected graphs, hypergraphs and finitary matroids.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Nathan Bowler , Florian Reich

The unit distance graph $G_{\mathbb{R}^d}^1$ is the infinite graph whose nodes are points in $\mathbb{R}^d$, with an edge between two points if the Euclidean distance between these points is 1. The 2-dimensional version $G_{\mathbb{R}^2}^1$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-14 Remie Janssen , Leonie van Steijn

We extend the Aldous-Broder algorithm to generate the wired uniform spanning forests (WUSFs) of infinite, transient graphs. We do this by replacing the simple random walk in the classical algorithm with Sznitman's random interlacement…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-05-01 Tom Hutchcroft

Metric embeddings are central to metric theory and its applications. Here we consider embeddings of a different sort: maps from a set to subsets of a metric space so that distances between points are approximated by minimal distances…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-08-13 David Bryant , Katharina T. Huber , Vincent Moulton , Andreas Spillner

We discuss the geometry of trees endowed with a causal structure using the conventional framework of equilibrium statistical mechanics. We show how this ensemble is related to popular growing network models. In particular we demonstrate…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Bialas

Evolutionary relationships between species are represented by phylogenetic trees, but these relationships are subject to uncertainty due to the random nature of evolution. A geometry for the space of phylogenetic trees is necessary in order…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-21 Jonas Lueg , Maryam K. Garba , Tom M. W. Nye , Stephan F. Huckemann

Merge trees are a type of graph-based topological summary that tracks the evolution of connected components in the sublevel sets of scalar functions. They enjoy widespread applications in data analysis and scientific visualization. In this…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Ellen Gasparovic , Elizabeth Munch , Steve Oudot , Katharine Turner , Bei Wang , Yusu Wang

In the present paper we establish a clear correspondence between probabilities of certain edges belonging to a realization of the uniform spanning tree (UST), and the states of a fermionic Gaussian free field. Namely, we express the…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-12-27 Alan Rapoport

In a recent paper on 'Estimating Species Trees from Unrooted Gene Trees' Liu and Yu observe that the distance matrix on the underlying taxon set, which is built up from expected internode distances on gene trees under the multispecies…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2011-08-26 Martin Kreidl

This paper studies the distribution of the component spectrum of combinatorial structures such as uniform random forests, in which the classical generating function for the numbers of (irreducible) elements of the different sizes converges…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-06-13 A. D. Barbour , B. Granovsky

We study the geometry of the cuspidal edge $M$ in $\mathbb R^3$ derived from its contact with planes and lines (referred to as flat geometry). The contact of $M$ with planes is measured by the singularities of the height functions on $M$.…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-10-28 Raúl Oset Sinha , Farid Tari

Given a subgraph $H$ of a graph $G$, the induced graph of $H$ is the largest subgraph of $G$ whose vertex set is the same as that of $H$. Our paper concerns the induced graphs of the components of $\operatorname{WSF}(G)$, the wired spanning…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-03-18 Russell Lyons , Yuval Peres , Xin Sun

The concept of $n$-distance was recently introduced to generalize the classical definition of distance to functions of $n$ arguments. In this paper we investigate this concept through a number of examples based on certain geometrical…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2023-02-22 Gergely Kiss , Jean-Luc Marichal

We show that the Brownian continuum random tree is the Gromov-Hausdorff-Prohorov scaling limit of the uniform spanning tree on high-dimensional graphs including the $d$-dimensional torus $\mathbb{Z}_n^d$ with $d>4$, the hypercube…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-04-14 Eleanor Archer , Asaf Nachmias , Matan Shalev

For a measure mu supported on a compact connected subset of a Euclidean space which satisfies a uniform d-dimensional decay of the volume of balls we show that the maximal edge in the minimum spanning tree of n indepndent samples from mu…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gady Kozma , Zvi Lotker , Gideon Stupp