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General linear electrodynamics allow for an arbitrary linear constitutive relation between the field strength two-form and induction two-form density if crucial hyperbolicity and energy conditions are satisfied, which render the theory…
Electromagnetism is the energy originating from an electric charge. Our purpose is to enlarge Maxwell. Include the charge transfer phenomenology. A four bosons electromagnetism is derived. An EM completeness is achieved. The charge's set…
Invoking Maxwell's classical equations in conjunction with expressions for the electromagnetic (EM) energy, momentum, force, and torque, we use a few simple examples to demonstrate the nature of the EM angular momentum. The energy and the…
Despite the many successes of the relativistic quantum theory developed by Horwitz, et. al., certain difficulties persist in the associated covariant classical mechanics. In this paper, we explore these difficulties through an examination…
In electrostatics, we can use either potential energy or field energy to ensure conservation of energy. In electrodynamics, the former option is unavailable. To ensure conservation of energy, we must attribute energy to the electromagnetic…
Ferromagnetic matter finds its microscopic origin in the intrinsic electron spin, which is considered to be a purely quantum mechanical property of the electron. To incorporate the influence of the electron spin in the microscopic and…
A general approach is presented to describing nonlinear classical Maxwell electrodynamics with conformal symmetry. We introduce generalized nonlinear constitutive equations, expressed in terms of constitutive tensors dependent on…
In recent years, the $H$ formulation of Maxwell's equation has become the de facto standard for simulating the time-dependent electromagnetic behavior of superconducting applications with commercial software. However, there are cases where…
The Maxwell equations are formulated in a generally covariant and metric-free way in 1+3 and subsequently in 4 dimensions. For this purpose, we use the excitations $\cal D$, $\cal H$ and the field strengths $E,B$. A local and linear…
We develop a thermodynamic framework that couples mass dynamics, described by the Newton- Gibbs-van der Waals formalism, with electromagnetic fields beyond the scope of classical Maxwell theory. Classical Newtonian mechanics does not…
The electron motion in rather strong magnetic fields (when only the lowest Landau level is populated) is considered. In this case the electron kinetic energy is frozen out and the electrons are guided by slowly varied potential. Using the…
The problems of Classical Electrodynamics with the electron equation of motion and with non-integrable singularity of its self-field stress tensor are well known. They are consequences, we show, of neglecting terms that are null off the…
In classical electrodynamics, by motion for either the observer or the media, it always naturally assumed that the relative moving velocity is a constant along a straight line (e.g., in inertia reference frame), so that the electromagnetic…
The possibility of an incompletness of the equations of electromagnetism is analyzed using a thought experiment that shows a non-physical behavior according to classical electromagnetism. Basically, from Maxwell equations it is shown that a…
The Minkowski's theory is regarded as the classical approach for describing the electromagnetism of uniformly moving objects by elegantly utilizing the format-invariance of the Maxwell's equations in inertia reference frames under Lorentz…
Classical Electrodynamics in ponderable media remains defined by a century-long debate over force and energy localization. While the prevailing view treats competing formulations (Minkowski, Abraham, etc.) as equivalent conventions, this…
Starting from the experimental fact that a moving charge experiences the Lorentz force and applying the fundamental principles of simplicity (first order derivatives only) and linearity (superposition principle), we show that the structure…
This paper aims to present an elaborate view on the motivation and realization of the idea to extend Maxwell's electrodynamics to Extended Electrodynamics in a reasonable and appropriate way in order to make it possible to describe…
Continuum electrodynamics is an axiomatic formal theory based on the macroscopic Maxwell equations and the constitutive relations. We apply the formal theory to a thermodynamically closed system consisting of an antireflection coated block…
We propose a novel framework that interprets the electromagnetic field as a manifestation of spacetime pseudo-curvature, bridging electromagnetism with the geometric principles of general relativity. By introducing modified field equations,…