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Super Earths and mini Neptunes likely have a wide range of atmospheric compositions, ranging from low-molecular mass atmospheres of H2 to higher molecular atmospheres of water, CO2, N2, or other species. Here, we systematically investigate…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-15 Xi Zhang , Adam P. Showman

Most exoplanets detected so far have atmospheric T significantly higher than 300K. Often close to their star, they receive an intense UV photons flux that triggers important photodissociation processes. The T dependency of VUV absorption…

State of the art spectral retrieval models of exoplanet atmospheres assume constant chemical profiles with altitude. This assumption is justified by the information content of current datasets which do not allow, in most cases, for the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-12 Quentin Changeat , Billy Edwards , Ingo Waldmann , Giovanna Tinetti

In current models used to interpret exoplanet atmospheric observations, the planet mass is treated as a prior and is estimated independently with external methods, such as RV or TTV techniques. This approach is necessary as available…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-12 Quentin Changeat , Luke Keyte , Ingo P Waldmann , Giovanna Tinetti

This paper examines line profile evolution due to the linear expansion of circumstellar material obsverved during a microlensing event. This work extends our previous papers on emission line profile evolution from radial and azimuthal flow…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 M. A. Hendry , R. Ignace , H. M. Bryce

Most models used to predict or fit exoplanet transmission spectra do not include all the effects of atmospheric refraction. Namely, the angular size of the star with respect to the planet can limit the lowest altitude, or highest density…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-23 Y. Betremieux , L. Kaltenegger

Exploring exoplanets has transformed our understanding of the universe by revealing many planetary systems that defy our current understanding. To study their atmospheres, spectroscopic observations are used to infer essential atmospheric…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-19 Flavio Giobergia , Alkis Koudounas , Elena Baralis

Earth-like, potentially habitable exoplanets are prime targets in the search for extraterrestrial life. Information about their atmosphere and surface can be derived by analyzing light of the parent star reflected by the planet. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-28 Thomas Fauchez , Loic Rossi , Daphne M. Stam

Infrared transmission and emission spectroscopy of exoplanets, recorded from primary transit and secondary eclipse measurements, indicate the presence of the most abundant carbon and oxygen molecular species (H2O, CH4, CO, and CO2) in a few…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Caitlin A. Griffith

Atmospheric refraction affects to various degrees exoplanet transit, lunar eclipse, as well as stellar occultation observations. Exoplanet retrieval algorithms often use analytical expressions for the column abundance along a ray traversing…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-23 Yan Betremieux , Lisa Kaltenegger

The alkali metal sodium (Na) is one of the most commonly detected chemical species in the upper atmospheres of giant exoplanets. In this work we conducted a homogeneous survey of Na in a diverse sample of ten highly irradiated giant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-05 Adam B. Langeveld , Nikku Madhusudhan , Samuel H. C. Cabot

[Abridged] The transmission of light through a planetary atmosphere can be studied as a function of altitude and wavelength using stellar or solar occultations, giving often unique constraints on the atmospheric composition. For exoplanets,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 R. J. de Kok , D. M. Stam

We present high resolution transmission spectra of giant planet atmospheres from a coupled 3-D atmospheric dynamics and transmission spectrum model that includes Doppler shifts which arise from winds and planetary motion. We model jovian…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Eliza M. -R. Kempton , Rosalba Perna , Kevin Heng

One of the big challenges in exoplanet science is to determine the atmospheric makeup of extrasolar planets, and to find biosignatures that hint at the existence of biochemical processes on another world. The biomarkers we are trying to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-23 Zixin Huang , Christian Schwab , Cosmo Lupo

Light-matter interactions lie at the heart of our exploration of exoplanetary atmospheres. Interpreting data obtained by remote sensing is enabled by meticulous, time- and resource-consuming work aiming at deepening our understanding of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-06 Laurent Wiesenfeld , Prajwal Niraula , Julien de Wit , Nejmeddine Jaïdane , Iouli E. Gordon , Robert J. Hargreaves

Context. The crust composition of rocky exoplanets with a substantial atmosphere can not be observed directly. However, recent developments start to allow the observation and characterisation of their atmospheres. Aims. We aim to establish…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-02 Oliver Herbort , Leon Sereinig

We address the critical need for accurate Rosseland mean gas opacities in high-pressure environments, spanning temperatures from 100 K to 32000 K. Current opacity tables from Wichita State University and AESOPUS 2.0 are limited to $\log(R)…

Constraining planet formation based on the atmospheric composition of exoplanets is a fundamental goal of the exoplanet community. Existing studies commonly try to constrain atmospheric abundances, or to analyze what abundance patterns a…

Transiting exoplanets provide detailed access to their atmospheres, as the planet's signal can be effectively separated from that of its host star. For transiting exoplanets three fundamental atmospheric measurements are possible:…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-23 David K. Sing

Observational studies of exoplanets are suggestive of a ubiquitous presence of clouds. The current modelling techniques used in emission to account for the clouds tend to require prior knowledge of the cloud condensing species and often do…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-07 Jake Taylor , Vivien Parmentier , Michael R. Line , Elspeth K. H. Lee , Patrick G. J. Irwin , Suzanne Aigrain