Related papers: Cosmic ray air showers from sphalerons
The Standard Model of particle physics has a number of asymmetries suggestive of a more fundamental theory, where the symmetries are restored. If the symmetry breaking scale is the electroweak scale, new Higgs bosons beyond that of the…
Using the data taken at the Pierre Auger Observatory between December 2004 and December 2012, we have examined the implications of the distributions of depths of atmospheric shower maximum (Xmax), using a hybrid technique, for composition…
The Pierre Auger Observatory is the largest extensive air shower detector. Based on a hybrid system, this experiment measures the longitudinal shower development and the particles at the ground. This detection system allows the extraction…
This paper presents the highlights from the recent measurements of the energy spectrum, mass composition, and arrival directions of the ultra-high energy ($> 10^{17}$ eV = 0.1 EeV) cosmic rays (UHECR) by the Pierre Auger Observatory. The…
We investigate feasibility of efficient baryogenesis at the electroweak scale within the effective field theory framework based on a non-linear realisation of the electroweak gauge symmetry. In this framework the LHC Higgs boson is…
We explore the feasibility of estimating primary cosmic ray composition at ultra high energies from the sum of muon, electron and photon densities and the depth of maximum of extensive air showers detected by the Auger Observatory. From the…
KASCADE and its extension array of KASCADE-Grande were devoted to measure individual air showers of cosmic rays in the primary energy range of 100 TeV to 1 EeV. The experiment has substantially contributed to investigate the energy spectrum…
We present an updated cosmic-ray mass composition analysis in the energy range $10^{16.8}$ to $10^{18.3}$ eV from 334 air showers measured with the LOFAR radio telescope, and selected for minimal bias. In this energy range, the origin of…
In this paper we consider the phenomenology of a ``non-standard'' Higgs Boson in longitudinal gauge-Boson scattering. First, we present a composite Higgs model (based on an $SU(4)/Sp\,(4)$ chiral-symmetry breaking pattern) in which there is…
The measurement of the flux of muons produced in cosmic ray air showers is essential for the study of primary cosmic rays. Such measurements are important in extensive air shower detectors to assess the energy spectrum and the chemical…
The Pierre Auger Observatory aims to determine the nature and origin of the ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR). The Auger hybrid detector combines fluorescence observations of extended air showers, initiated in the atmosphere by these…
The investigation of the dynamics responsible for electroweak symmetry breaking is one of the prime tasks of experiments at present and future colliders. Experiments at the Tevatron ppbar Collider and at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC)…
At Auger energies only model predictions enable us to extract primary cosmic ray features. The simulation of the shower evolution depends sensitively on the first few interactions, necessarily related to the quality of our understanding of…
Project GRAND presents results on the atomic composition of primary cosmic rays. This is accomplished by determining the average height of primary particles that cause extensive air showers detected by Project GRAND. Particles with a larger…
In view of the interpretation of data collected by large, deep underground experiments in terms of primary Cosmic Ray physics, this work is focused on the study of the production of of TeV muons in Extensive Air Showers. The review tries to…
The fraction of positrons and electrons in cosmic rays recently observed on the International Space Station unveiled an unexpected excess of the positrons, undermining the current foundations of cosmic rays sources. We provide a quantum…
A model for the total photoproduction cross section based on the ansatz that resummation of infrared gluons limits the rise induced by QCD minijets in all the total cross-sections, is used to simulate extended air showers initiated by…
Using lattice simulations, we measure the sphaleron rate in the Standard Model as a function of temperature through the electroweak cross-over, for the Higgs masses m_H=115 and m_H=160 GeV. We pay special attention to the shutting off of…
The analysis of high-energy air shower data allows one to study the proton-air cross section at energies beyond the reach of fixed target and collider experiments. The mean depth of the first interaction point and its fluctuations are a…
The excess of muons observed in ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray air showers relative to simulation predictions, known as the muon puzzle, provides indirect evidence of our incomplete understanding of high-energy hadronic interactions. An…