Related papers: Recent Developments in Measuring Signal and Noise …

We review metrics to assess the radio quietness of sites used for radio astronomy. Concise metrics are needed to compare candidate sites for new telescopes, to monitor the quality of existing sites, and to design telescopes to work well at…

In time-domain radio astronomy with arrays, voltages from individual antennas are added together with proper delay and fringe correction to form the beam in real-time. In order to achieve the correct phased addition of antenna voltages one…

Arrays of ultrasonic sensors are capable of 3D imaging in air and an affordable supplement to other sensing modalities, such as radar, lidar, and camera, i.e. in heterogeneous sensing systems. However, manufacturing tolerances of…

Frequency diverse array (FDA) differs from conventional array techniques in that it imposes an additional frequency offset (FO) across the array elements. The use of FO provides the FDA with the controllable degree of freedom in range…

High-resolution array detectors are widely used in single-particle tracking, but their performance is limited by excess noise from background light and dark current. As pixel resolution increases, the diminished signal per pixel exacerbates…

This article reports on a new approach to properly analyze time series of dynamical systems which are spoilt by the simultaneous presence of dynamical noise and measurement noise. It is shown that even strong external measurement noise as…

The study of compact binary in-spirals and mergers with gravitational wave observatories amounts to optimizing a theoretical description of the data to best reproduce the true detector output. While most of the research effort in…

The frequency dependence of the equilibrium ac conductance (or the noise power spectrum) through a mesoscopic structure is shown to exhibit steps and dips. The steps, at energies related to the resonances of the structure, are closely…

Projects aiming to detect gravitational waves (GWs) in space in the millihertz range will utilize interferometers to measure the separations between free-falling test masses. The phasemeter measures the phase changes of the interference…

This paper describes the setup and the results of the direct on-wafer measurements of a FET noise parameters obtained with a source-pull method at temperatures down to T=4K and in the 5-12 GHz frequency range. The setup consists of a…

The Keck Array is a system of cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarimeters, each similar to the BICEP2 experiment. In this paper we report results from the 2012 and 2013 observing seasons, during which the Keck Array consisted of five…

This paper presents a novel approach for estimating the modes of an observed non-stationary mixture signal. A link is first established between the short-time Fourier transform and the sparse sampling theory, where the observations are…

A new 1.4 GHz 19-element, dual-polarization, cryogenic phased array feed (PAF) radio astronomy receiver has been developed for the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope (GBT) as part of FLAG (Focal L-band Array for the GBT) project.…

Radio interferometers are phased arrays producing high-resolution images from the covariance matrix of measurements. Calibration of such instruments is necessary and is a critical task. This is how the estimation of instrumental errors is…

LISA will use quadrant photoreceivers as front-end devices for the phasemeter measuring the motion of drag-free test masses in both angular orientation and separation. We have set up a laboratory testbed for the characterization of…

In this paper we present a novel apparatus aimed at measuring very small birefringences and anisotropies, based on frequency metrology and not on polarimetry as usual. In our experiment, a very high finesse resonant cavity is used to…

Even the most sensitive cosmic microwave background anisotropy experiments have signal to noise ratios <=5, so that an accurate determination of the properties of the cosmological signal requires a careful assessment of the experimental…

This paper investigates calibration of sensor arrays in the radio astronomy context. Current and future radio telescopes require computationally efficient algorithms to overcome the new technical challenges as large collecting area, wide…

We present design equations for a two-element closely-spaced interferometer for measuring the noise temperature of a uniform sky. Such an interferometer is useful for observing highly diffuse radio sources such as the Milky Way and…

Theory of spin noise in low dimensional systems and bulk semiconductors is reviewed. Spin noise is usually detected by optical means, continuously measuring the rotation angle of the polarization plane of the probe beam passing through the…