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Matrix theories exhibit the phenomenon of spacetime emergence in certain regimes of their dynamics. In this work, I posit that the key to this emergence is a hierarchy between two timescales -- very slow modes that an observer measures plus…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-30 Vatche Sahakian

One of the most exciting things in recent theoretical physics is the suspicion that gravity may be holographic, dual to some sort of quantum field theory living on the boundary with one less dimension. Such a suspicion has been supported…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-05-24 Yu Tian , Xiao-Ning Wu , Hongbao Zhang

A new direction to understand gravity has recently been explored by considering classical gravity to be a derived interaction from an underlying theory. This underlying theory would involve new degrees of freedom at a deeper level and it…

General Physics · Physics 2014-03-10 Yuan K. Ha

The Gravity from Entropy (GfE) action posits that gravity that is fundamentally given by the information encoded in the interplay between matter and geometry. The GfE Lagrangian is given by the Geometric Quantum Relative Entropy (GQRE)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-12 Ginestra Bianconi

Verlinde's proposal on the entropic origin of gravity is based strongly on the assumption that the equipartition law of energy holds on the holographic screen induced by the mass distribution of the system. However, from the theory of…

General Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 A. Sheykhi , K. Rezazadeh Sarab

We test ideas of the recently proposed first-order thermodynamics of scalar-tensor gravity using an exact geometry sourced by a conformally coupled scalar field. We report a non-monotonic behaviour of the effective ``temperature of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-11 Numa Karolinski , Valerio Faraoni

The hypothesis of low entropy in the initial state of the universe usually explains the observed entropy increase is in only one time direction: the thermodynamic arrow of time. The Hamiltonian formalism is commonly used in the context of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-08-27 Jackie C. H. Liu

The holographic state of matter exists in the quantum gravitational regime, with black holes as the example. In this essay, we provide a microscopic derivation to the holographic thermodynamics and further discuss its implications for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-04-01 Yong Xiao

If we assume that the source of thermodynamic system, $\rho$ and $p$, are also the source of gravity, thermal quantities, such as entropy, temperature, and chemical potential, can induce effects of gravity, or gravity can induce thermal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-09-12 Rong-Jia Yang

We present a novel derivation of Einstein equations from the balance between Clausius entropy crossing the boundary of a local causal diamond and entanglement entropy associated with its horizon. Comparing this derivation with the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-11-25 Ana Alonso-Serrano , Marek Liška

The laws of mechanics of stationary black holes bear a close resemblance with the laws of thermodynamics. This is not only a mathematical analogy but also a physical one that helps us answer deep questions related to the thermodynamic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-07-26 Diptarka Das

Recently it has been proposed that the Bekenstein-Hawking formula for the entropy of spacetime horizons has a larger significance as the leading contribution to the entanglement entropy of general spacetime regions, in the underlying…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-08-27 Jason Wien

In Einstein's gravity, the entropy of horizons is proportional to their area. Several arguments given in the literature suggest that, in this context, both area and entropy should be quantized with an equally spaced spectrum for large…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-02-23 Dawood Kothawala , T. Padmanabhan , Sudipta Sarkar

In classical Hamiltonian theories, entropy may be understood either as a statistical property of canonical systems, or as a mechanical property, that is, as a monotonic function of the phase space along trajectories. In classical mechanics,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-14 Marius Oltean , Luca Bonetti , Alessandro D. A. M. Spallicci , Carlos F. Sopuerta

We study the effect of self-gravity on entropy by directly solving the 4D semi-classical Einstein equation. In particular, we focus on whether the Bekenstein-Hawking formula holds when self-gravity is extremely strong. As an example, we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-04-16 Yuki Yokokura

The Einstein-Hilbert action has a bulk term and a surface term (which arises from integrating a four divergence). I show that one can obtain Einstein's equations from the surface term alone. This leads to: (i) a novel, completely self…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 T. Padmanabhan

We clarify the problem in which occasions can gravitational force be regarded emergent from thermodynamics, by proposing an entropic mechanism that can extract the entropic gradient existing in spacetime, due to the variation of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-10-01 Yang An , Peng Cheng

Many inequivalent approaches to study black holes yield identical results. Any meaningful theory of gravity should explain the origin of this property. Here we show that the basic holomorphic modes characterising the underlying two…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-01-31 Rabin Banerjee

We provide arguments indicating that the semiclassical Einstein equations follow from quantum relative entropy and its proportionality to an area variation. Using modular theory, we establish that the relative entropy between the vacuum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-04 Philipp Dorau , Albert Much

Gravity stands out among the fundamental interactions because of its apparent incompatibility with having a quantum description. Moreover, thermodynamic aspects of gravitation theory appears as puzzling features of some classical solutions…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-09-29 Stefano Liberati , Florian Girelli , Lorenzo Sindoni