Related papers: Set-theoretic mereology
Lie systems form a class of systems of first-order ordinary differential equations whose general solutions can be described in terms of certain finite families of particular solutions and a set of constants, by means of a particular type of…
We know extensions of first order logic by quantifiers of the kind "there are uncountable many ...", "most ..." with new axioms and appropriate semantics. Related are operations such as "set of x, such that ...", Hilbert's…
Default logic can be regarded as a mechanism to represent families of belief sets of a reasoning agent. As such, it is inherently second-order. In this paper, we study the problem of representability of a family of theories as the set of…
We define an inference system to capture explanations based on causal statements, using an ontology in the form of an IS-A hierarchy. We first introduce a simple logical language which makes it possible to express that a fact causes another…
In this paper we propose an interpretation for self-referential propositions in a "meta-model" N* of ZF. This meta-model N* is considered as an informal model of arithmetic that mathematicians often use when working with number theory.…
We state the defining characteristic of mathematics as a type of symmetry where one can change the connotation of a mathematical statement in a certain way when the statement's truth value remains the same. This view of mathematics as…
Asking which sets are fixed-parameter tractable for a given parameterization constitutes much of the current research in parameterized complexity theory. This approach faces some of the core difficulties in complexity theory. By focussing…
A selection of the relevant theorems of Probability Theory that comes directly from Kolmogorov's axioms, Set Theory basic results, definitions and rules of inference are listed and proven in a systematic approach, aiming the student who…
We argue that it is neither necessary nor sufficient for a mathematical proof to have epistemic value that it be "correct", in the sense of formalizable in a formal proof system. We then present a view on the relationship between…
Structural proof theory is praised for being a symbolic approach to reasoning and proofs, in which one can define schemas for reasoning steps and manipulate proofs as a mathematical structure. For this to be possible, proof systems must be…
The multiverse view in set theory, introduced and argued for in this article, is the view that there are many distinct concepts of set, each instantiated in a corresponding set-theoretic universe. The universe view, in contrast, asserts…
The conservativity theorem for nested relational calculus implies that query expressions can freely use nesting and unnesting, yet as long as the query result type is a flat relation, these capabilities do not lead to an increase in…
Classical mathematics (involving such notions as infinitely small/large and continuity) is usually treated as fundamental while finite mathematics is treated as inferior which is used only in special applications. We first argue that the…
We provide a setting-independent definition of reals by introducing the notion of a streak. We show that various standard constructions of reals satisfy our definition. We study the structure of reals by noting that its pieces correspond to…
A generalization of metric space is presented which is shown to admit a theory strongly related to that of ordinary metric spaces. To avoid the topological effects related to dropping any of the axioms of metric space, first a new, and…
Recently, the Elementary Process Theory (EPT) has been developed as a set of fundamental principles that might underlie a gravitational repulsion of matter and antimatter. This paper presents set matrix theory (SMT) as the foundation of the…
Over the past few decades, non-monotonic reasoning has developed to be one of the most important topics in computational logic and artificial intelligence. Different ways to introduce non-monotonic aspects to classical logic have been…
As David Berlinski writes (1997), the existence and nature of mathematics is a more compelling and far deeper problem than any of the problems raised by mathematics itself. Here we analyze the essence of mathematics making the main emphasis…
As the prototypical category, $\mathbf{Set}$ has many properties which make it special amongst categories. From the point of view of mathematical logic, one such property is that $\mathbf{Set}$ has enough structure to "properly" formalise…
A folk theorem says higher order arithmetic has the proof theoretic strength of set theory with limited power set. This paper makes the theorem precise in terms of several axiom system based on ZF.