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This is an introduction to some of the most probabilistic aspects of free probability theory.

Probability · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Philippe Biane

Matter collapsing to a singularity in a gravitational field is still an intriguing question. Similar situation arises when discussing the very early universe or a universe recollapsing to a singularity. It is suggested that inclusion of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-07-04 C Sivaram , Kenath Arun , Venkata Manohara Reddy A

We argue that whether the universe is infinite or finite is less crucial than usually supposed. Paradoxes of repeating behaviour in the infinite, or eternal inflationary, universe can be alleviated by a realistic definition of differing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 D. H. Coule

We give a brief overview of the black hole information problem emphasizing fundamental issues and recent proposals for its resolution. The focus is on broad perspective and providing a guide to current literature rather than presenting full…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-02 Donald Marolf

We first give a summary of the history of transcendental numbers then use a nice technique by G. Dresden to prove a new transcendental number. In particular, while previous work looked at the last non-zero digit of $n^n$, we consider the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-09 Hung Viet Chu

We give tight lower and upper bounds on the expected missing mass for distributions over finite and countably infinite spaces. An essential characterization of the extremal distributions is given. We also provide an extension to totally…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-11-10 Daniel Berend , Aryeh Kontorovich

We collect here various conjectures on congruences made by the author in a series of papers, some of which involve binary quadratic forms and other advanced theories. Part A consists of 100 unsolved conjectures of the author while…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-13 Zhi-Wei Sun

The classical quadratic formula and some of its lesser known variants for solving the quadratic equation are reviewed. Then, a new formula for the roots of a quadratic polynomial is presented.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2019-08-06 Norbert Hungerbühler

Scientific discussions of the arrow of time often get quite confusing due to highly complex systems they deal with. Popular literature then often coveys messages that tend to get lost in translation. The purpose of this note is to demystify…

Popular Physics · Physics 2024-08-29 Zura Kakushadze

Introduction to the meaning of dark matter and a few historical gestures. What it is? By what the dark matter is formed? Experimental phenomenon evidences and relative explanation under the point of view of the physics of the elementary…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Azzurra Auteri

We show assuming RH that phenomena concerning pairs of zeros established $via$ pair correlations occur with positive density (with at most a slight adjustment of the constants). Also, while a double zero is commonly considered to be a close…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-05 Hung M. Bui , Daniel A. Goldston , Micah B. Milinovich , Hugh L. Montgomery

A few remarks on how mathematics quests for freedom.

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-30 S. S. Kutateladze

Inscribability of polytopes is a classic subject but also a lively research area nowadays. We illustrate this with a selection of well-known results and recent developments on six particular topics related to inscribable polytopes. Along…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-11-12 Arnau Padrol , Günter M. Ziegler

The concept of infinity took centuries to achieve recognized status in the field of mathematics, despite the fact that it was implicitly present in nearly all mathematical endeavors. Here I explore the idea that a similar development might…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-08-25 Don Perlis

We present a short review of the existing evidence in favor of neutrino mass and neutrino oscillations which come from different kinds of experiments. We focus our attention in particular on solar neutrinos, presenting a global updated…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Aliani , V. Antonelli , R. Ferrari , M. Picariello , E. Torrente-Lujan

We point out that the recursive formula that appears in Erickson's presentation "Fusible Numbers" is incorrect, and pose an alternate conjecture about the structure of fusible numbers. Although we are unable to solve the conjecture, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-02-28 Junyan Xu

A variety of physical unknowables are discussed. Provable lack of physical omniscience, omnipredictability and omnipotence is derived by reduction to problems which are known to be recursively unsolvable. "Chaotic" symbolic dynamical…

General Physics · Physics 2011-07-22 Karl Svozil

The future of mathematics is described, by using the WZ algorithmic proof theory as a parable.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-02-03 Doron Zeilberger

We give a brief historical overview of the famous Pythagoras' theorem and Pythagoras. We present a simple proof of the result and dicsuss some extensions. We follow \cite{thales}, \cite{wiki} and \cite{wiki2} for the historical comments and…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2015-09-23 Manjil P. Saikia

The paradoxes of thermodynamics and statistical physics are unavoidable in the study of physical paradoxes because of their importance at the time they came to be as well as the frequency of their appearance in historical studies of…

General Physics · Physics 2009-12-10 Dragoljub A. Cucic