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We give a complete set of generators for the discrete exceptional U-duality groups of toroidal compactified type II theory and M-theory in d>2. For this, we use the DSZ quantization in d=4 as originally proposed by Hull and Townsend, and…

This thesis gives a complete description of the Grothendieck group and divisor class group for large families of two and three dimensional singularities. The main results presented throughout, and summarised in Theorem 8.1.1, give an…

In this paper we use the results from the first part to compute the vanishing topology for matrix singularities based on certain spaces of matrices. We place the variety of singular matrices in a geometric configuration of free divisors…

Motivated by Kontsevich's graph complexes, this paper gives a systematic study of matroid complexes. We construct deletion and contraction bicomplexes on the vector space spanned by matroid classes equipped with ground-set orientations,…

This master thesis describes how Selmer groups can be used to determine the Mordell-Weil group of elliptic curves over a number field K. The Mordell-Weil Theorem states that $E(K) = E(K)_{tors} \times Z^r$, where $r$ is the rank of $E$, and…

We show, for a smooth projective variety $X$ over an algebraically closed field $k$ with an effective Cartier divisor $D$, that the torsion subgroup $\CH_0(X|D)\{l\}$ can be described in terms of a relative {\'e}tale cohomology for any…

This paper is devoted to the explicit description of the Galois descent obstruction for hyperelliptic curves of arbitrary genus whose reduced automorphism group is cyclic of order coprime to the characteristic of their ground field. Along…

We identify the quantum group ${\Large\textsl{U}}_\textsl{w}(sl_2)$ in the $L$-operator of $\tau^{(2)}$-model for a generic $\textsl{w}$ as a subalgebra of $U_{\sf q} (sl_2)$ with $\textsl{w} = {\sf q}^{-2}$. In the roots of unity case,…

If $X'= ({\mathbb B} / \Gamma)'$ is a torsion free toroidal compactification of a discrete ball quotient $X_o={\mathbb B} / \Gamma$ and $\xi : (X', T = X'\setminus X_o) \rightarrow (X, D = \xi (T))$ is the blow-down of the $(-1)$-curves to…

A symmetry extending the $T^2$-symmetry of the noncommutative torus $T^2_q$ is studied in the category of quantum groups. This extended symmetry is given by the quantum double-torus defined as a compact matrix quantum group consisting of…

We investigate the toric geometry of two families of generalised determinantal varieties arising from permutations: Matrix Schubert varieties ($\overline{X_w}$) and Kazhdan-Lusztig varieties ($\mathcal{N}_{v,w}$). Matrix Schubert varieties…

Given a quiver algebra A with relations defined by a superpotential, this paper defines a set of invariants of A counting framed cyclic A-modules, analogous to rank-1 Donaldson-Thomas invariants of Calabi-Yau threefolds. For the special…

Given a variety $Y$ with a rectangular Lefschetz decomposition of its derived category, we consider a degree $n$ cyclic cover $X \to Y$ ramified over a divisor $Z \subset Y$. We construct semiorthogonal decompositions of $\mathrm{D^b}(X)$…

Consider a projective variety $X \subset \mathbb{P}^n$ (over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero), together with a (reduced) simple normal crossings divisor $E \subset \mathbb{P}^n$, where the degrees of both $X$ and $E$…

Using the language of T-varieties, we study torus invariant curves on a complete normal variety $X$ with an effective codimension-one torus action. In the same way that the $T$-invariant Weil divisors on $X$ are sums of "vertical" divisors…

Given a simple connected compact Lie group $K$ and a maximal torus $T$ of $K$, the Weyl group $W=N_K(T)/T$ naturally acts on $T$. First, we use the combinatorics of the (extended) affine Weyl group to provide an explicit $W$-equivariant…

We consider normal projective n-dimensional varieties X whose anticanonical divisor class -K is ample and where every Weil divisor is a rational multiple of K. The index i is the largest integer such that K/i exists as a Weil divisor. We…

Let d1 and d2 be discriminants of distinct quadratic imaginary orders O_d1 and O_d2 and let J(d1,d2) denote the product of differences of CM j-invariants with discriminants d1 and d2. In 1985, Gross and Zagier gave an elegant formula for…

Let $G$ be a real classical group (including the real metaplectic group). We consider a nilpotent adjoint orbit $\check{\mathcal O}$ of $\check G$, the Langlands dual of $G$ (or the metaplectic dual of $G$ when $G$ is a real metaplectic…

We compute Mackey functor-valued Tor over certain free incomplete Tambara functors, generalizing the computation of Tor over a polynomial ring on one generator. In contrast with the classical situation where the resulting Tor groups vanish…