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Almost a century ago, Hubble discovered the cosmological redshift of extragalactic objects. The Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) metric was presented as a solution of Einstein's field equations for a homogeneous and isotropic…
The drift in the redshift of objects passively following the cosmological expansion has long been recognized as a key model-independent probe of cosmology. Here, we study the cosmological relevance of measurements of time or redshift…
Standard cosmology is constructed upon the (generally implicit) assumption of the ``large scale'' homogeneity of our Universe. Now, structures are observed at scales which become larger and larger as the observational distances increase.…
Mapping the expansion history of the universe is a compelling task of physical cosmology, especially in the context of the observational evidence for the recent acceleration of the universe, which demonstrates that canonical theories of…
The cosmic proper distance $d_P$ is a fundamental distance in the Universe. Unlike the luminosity and angular diameter distances, which correspond to the angular size, the proper distance is the length of light path from the source to…
Understanding of the nature of dark energy, which appears to drive the expansion of the universe, is one of the central problems of physical cosmology today. In an earlier paper [Daly & Djorgovski (2003)] we proposed a novel method to…
We discuss the problem of how to calculate the distance between two cosmological objects given their redshifts and angular separation on the sky. Although of a fundamental nature, this problem and its solution seem to lack a detailed…
We consider a possible connection between matter and cosmological constant $\Lambda$ via the Newtonian cosmic potential of the matter within the expanding particle horizon. Consistent with GR, an increasing potential may drive the metric…
We provide a systematic and updated discussion of a research line carried out by our group over the last few years, in which gravity is modified at cosmological distances by the introduction of nonlocal terms, assumed to emerge at an…
In the history of cosmology physical paradoxes played important role for development of contemporary world models. Within the modern standard cosmological model there are both observational and conceptual cosmological paradoxes which…
A major recent evelopment in observational cosmology has been an accurate measurement of the luminosity distance-redshift relation out to redshifts z=0.8 from Type Ia supernova standard candles. The results have been argued as evidence for…
The dependence of luminosity distance on observed resdhift and the cosmological parameters H and q is derived for a contracting Friedmann universe with no cosmological constant. The result is consistent with recent supernovae observations.
Cosmological redshift z grows as the Universe expands and is conventionally viewed as a third form of redshift, beyond the more traditional Doppler and gravitational effects seen in other applications of general relativity. In this paper,…
The apparent properties of distant objects encode information about the way the light they emit propagates to an observer, and therefore about the curvature of the underlying spacetime. Measuring the relationship between the redshift $z$…
Strong lensing provides popular techniques to investigate the mass distribution of intermediate redshift galaxies, testing galaxy evolution and formation scenarios. It especially probes the background cosmic expansion, hence constraining…
We study the solvability of a system of ordinary differential equations derived from null geodesics of the LTB metric with data given in terms of a so-called redshift parameter. Data is introduced along these geodesics by the luminosity…
Starting from the revelation of the nature of inertial forces, this article discusses the subdivision of the basic physical concept of space-time and raises questions about the metric of standard cosmology. A new form of particle dynamics…
The motion equation of standard cosmology, the Friedmann equation, is based on the stein's equations of gravitational fields. However, British physicist E. A. Milne pointed in 1943 that the same equation could be deduced simply based on the…
The homogeneous, isotropic, and flat $\Lambda$CDM universe favored by observations of the cosmic microwave background can be described using only Euclidean geometry, locally correct Newtonian mechanics, and the basic postulates of special…
There are now several analyses reporting quantized differences in the redshifts between pairs of galaxies. In the simplest cases, these differential redshifts are found to be harmonics of fundamental periods of approximately 72 km/s and…