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From longitudinal biomedical studies to social networks, graphs have emerged as a powerful framework for describing evolving interactions between agents in complex systems. In such studies, after pre-processing, the data can be represented…

Applications · Statistics 2018-03-12 Claire Donnat , Susan Holmes

Topological metrics of graphs provide a natural way to describe the prominent features of various types of networks. Graph metrics describe the structure and interplay of graph edges and have found applications in many scientific fields. In…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-06-21 Loukianos Spyrou , Javier Escudero

Hilbert-space fragmentation provides a mechanism for ergodicity breaking in quantum many-body systems even in the absence of disorder, leading to dynamically disconnected sectors and strong memory of initial conditions. However, identifying…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-19 A. Rutkowski , M. Mierzejewski , J. Herbrych

The distance matrix of a connected graph is the symmetric matrix with columns and rows indexed by the vertices and entries that are the pairwise distances between the corresponding vertices. We give a construction for graphs which differ in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-23 Kristin Heysse

We present time-efficient distributed algorithms for decomposing graphs with large edge or vertex connectivity into multiple spanning or dominating trees, respectively. As their primary applications, these decompositions allow us to achieve…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-11-22 Keren Censor-Hillel , Mohsen Ghaffari , Fabian Kuhn

Federated graph learning collaboratively learns a global graph neural network with distributed graphs, where the non-independent and identically distributed property is one of the major challenges. Most relative arts focus on traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Wenke Huang , Guancheng Wan , Mang Ye , Bo Du

We present a novel theoretical framework connecting k-component edge connectivity with spectral graph theory and homology theory to pro vide new insights into the resilience of real-world networks. By extending classical edge connectivity…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-10 Joshua Steier

How might one "reduce" a graph? That is, generate a smaller graph that preserves the global structure at the expense of discarding local details? There has been extensive work on both graph sparsification (removing edges) and graph…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Gecia Bravo-Hermsdorff , Lee M. Gunderson

Complex networks or graphs are ubiquitous in sciences and engineering: biological networks, brain networks, transportation networks, social networks, and the World Wide Web, to name a few. Spectral graph theory provides a set of useful…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-01-23 Subhadeep Mukhopadhyay , Kaijun Wang

We develop the theoretical foundations of a generalized Gromov-Hausdorff distance between functions on networks that has recently been applied to various subfields of topological data analysis and optimal transport. These functional…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Samir Chowdhury , Facundo Mémoli

Comparing networks is essential for a number of downstream tasks, from clustering to anomaly detection. Despite higher-order interactions being critical for understanding the dynamics of complex systems, traditional approaches for network…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-03 Helcio Felippe , Alec Kirkley , Federico Battiston

A new class of isospectral graphs is presented. These graphs are isospectral with respect to both the normalised Laplacian on the discrete graph and the standard differential Laplacian on the corresponding metric graph. The new class of…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-20 Pavel Kurasov , Jacob Muller

Iterated Graph Systems (IGS) transplant ideas from fractal geometry into graph theory. Building on this framework, we extend Edge IGS from the primitive to the reducible setting. Within this broader context, we formulate rigorous…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-13 Nero Ziyu Li , Frank Xin Hu , Thomas Britz

Many learning problems involve symmetries, and while invariance can be built into neural architectures, it can also emerge implicitly when training on group-structured data. We study this phenomenon in classical Hopfield networks and show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Michael Murray , Tenzin Chan , Kedar Karhadker , Christopher J. Hillar

This paper (parts I and II) provides an expository introduction to monotone and near-monotone dynamical systems associated to biochemical networks, those whose graphs are consistent or near-consistent. Many conclusions can be drawn from…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Eduardo D. Sontag

Redundancy needs more precise characterization as it is a major factor in the evolution and robustness of networks of multivariate interactions. We investigate the complexity of such interactions by inferring a connection transitivity that…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Tiago Simas , Rion Brattig Correia , Luis M. Rocha

Subgraph densities have been defined, and served as basic tools, both in the case of graphons (limits of dense graph sequences) and graphings (limits of bounded-degree graph sequences). While limit objects have been described for the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-11 Dávid Kunszenti-Kovács , László Lovász , Balázs Szegedy

Network complexity, network information content analysis, and lossless compressibility of graph representations have been played an important role in network analysis and network modeling. As multidimensional networks, such as time-varying,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Felipe S. Abrahão , Klaus Wehmuth , Hector Zenil , Artur Ziviani

Representing various networked data as multiplex networks, networks of networks and other multilayer networks can reveal completely new types of structures in these system. We introduce a general and principled graphlet framework for…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-04-22 Sallamari Sallmen , Tarmo Nurmi , Mikko Kivelä

Graph theory has drawn a lot of attention in the field of Neuroscience during the last decade, mainly due to the abundance of tools that it provides to explore the interactions of elements in a complex network like the brain. The local and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-11-16 Sofia Ira Ktena , Sarah Parisot , Jonathan Passerat-Palmbach , Daniel Rueckert