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We present a novel approach of modelling surface light scattering in the context of freeform optical design. The model relies on energy conservation and optimal transport theory. For isotropic scattering in cylindrically or rotationally…

The ability to enhance light-matter interactions by increasing the energy stored in optical resonators is inherently dependent on their coupling to the incident wavefront. In practice, weak coupling may result from resonators' irregular…

Control of the surface texture of steel strip during the galvanizing and temper rolling processes is essential to satisfy customer requirements and is conventionally measured post-production using a stylus. In-production laser reflection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-23 Alexander J. M. Milne , Xianghua Xie

Liquid wetting of a surface is omnipresent in nature and the advance of micro-fabrication and assembly techniques in recent years offers increasing ability to control this phenomenon. Here, we identify how surface roughness influences the…

Femtosecond laser ablation has been demonstrated to be a versatile tool to produce micro/nanoscale features with high precision and accuracy. However, the use of high laser fluence to increase the ablation efficiency usually results in…

There is an increasing reckoning that the thermoelectric performance of a material is dependent on its microstructure. However, the microstructure-properties relationship often remains elusive, in part due to the complexity of the hierarchy…

Fringe projection profilometry-based 3-D reconstruction of objects with high reflectivity and low surface roughness remains a significant challenge. When measuring such glossy surfaces, specular reflection and indirect illumination often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Sanghoon Jeon , Gihyun Jung , Suhyeon Ka , Jae-Sang Hyun

Sustainable aviation fuels have the potential for reducing emissions and environmental impact. To help identify viable sustainable aviation fuels and accelerate research, several machine learning models have been developed to predict…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-08-06 Ana E. Comesana , Sharon S. Chen , Kyle E. Niemeyer , Vi H. Rapp

Laser material processing has emerged as a versatile and indispensable tool in various industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, and materials science. However, the interaction of a lasers with surfaces is highly dependent on a large…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-15 Christoph Zwahr , Frederic Schell , Tobias Steege , Andrés Fabián Lasagni

Laser cutting is a widely adopted technology in material processing across various industries, but it generates a significant amount of dust, smoke, and aerosols during operation, posing a risk to both the environment and workers' health.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Mohamed Abdallah Salem , Hamdy Ahmed Ashur , Ahmed Elshinnawy

Dielectric metasurfaces have introduced a new paradigm for substance detection by exploiting their resonant properties to enhance light-matter interaction. This enhancement can be used for sensing either through refractive index changes or…

Controlling the spatial distribution of liquid droplets on surfaces via surface energy patterning can be used to control material delivery to specified regions via selective liquid/solid wetting. While studies of the equilibrium shape of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Gary S. Grest , David R. Heine , Edmund B. Webb

The influence of material characteristics - i.e., type or surface texture - to wetting properties is nowadays increased by the implementation of ultrafast lasers for nanostructuring. In this account, we exposed multilayer thin metal film…

This manuscript will unify inverse freeform reflector design and surface light scattering to design freeform reflectors with a scattering surface. We use microfacets, which are small, tilted mirrors superimposed on a smooth surface. We form…

Scattering experiments can be leveraged to extract the effective properties of a heterogeneous metamaterial slab based on multi-point measurements in surrounding media. In this technique, two measurements are made in the ambient media on…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-07-14 Joshua Morris , Alireza V. Amirkhizi

We use ab-initio electromagnetic simulations to investigate light absorption by rough surfaces in the context of the formation of laser-induced periodic surface structures. Our approach involves modeling a realistic rough surface using a…

Optics · Physics 2024-05-20 Vladimir Yu. Fedorov , Jean-Philippe Colombier

We present a new methodology for efficient and high-quality patterning of biological reagents for surface-based biological assays. The method relies on hydrodynamically confined nanoliter volumes of reagents to interact with the substrate…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2016-04-27 J. Autebert , J. F. Cors , David P. Taylor , G. V. Kaigala

The conservation and authentication of pictorial artworks is considered an important part of the preservation of the cultural heritage. The use of non-destructive testing allows the obtaining of accurate information about the state of…

Structural colors can be induced on metals not only to fabricate logos or decorative motives but also to embed anti-counterfeit features for product protection. In this study, stainless steel (EN 1.4301) plates are colorized by growing a…

The structural stability of a lightsail under the laser flux necessary for interstellar flight is studied analytically and numerically. A sinusoidal perturbation is introduced into a two-dimensional thin-film sail to determine if the sail…

Space Physics · Physics 2022-10-27 Dan-Cornelius Savu , Andrew J. Higgins
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