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Nowadays, modern electron microscopes deliver images at atomic scale. The precise atomic structure encodes information about material properties. Thus, an important ingredient in the image analysis is to locate the centers of the atoms…
Dual energy computed tomography (DECT) imaging plays an important role in advanced imaging applications due to its material decomposition capability. Image-domain decomposition operates directly on CT images using linear matrix inversion,…
Multi-Energy Computed Tomography (ME-CT) is a medical imaging modality aiming to reconstruct the spatial density of materials from the attenuation properties of probing x-rays. For each line in two- or three-dimensional space, ME-CT…
Important recent advances in transmission electron microscopy instrumentation and capabilities have made it indispensable for atomic-scale materials characterization. At the same time, the availability of two-dimensional materials has…
CT images have been used to generate radiation therapy treatment plans for more than two decades. Dual-energy CT (DECT) has shown high accuracy in estimating electronic density or proton stopping-power maps used in treatment planning.…
In this paper we report a spectrometric approach to dual-energy digital radiography that has been developed and applied to identify specific organic substances and discern small differences in their effective atomic number. An experimental…
The electronic charge density plays a central role in determining the behavior of matter at the atomic scale, but its computational evaluation requires demanding electronic-structure calculations. We introduce an atom-centered,…
Differentiation of breast tissues is challenging in X-ray imaging because tissues might share similar or even the same linear attenuation coefficients $\mu$. Spectral computed tomography (CT) allows for more quantitative characterization in…
To study the fundamental physics of complex multiphase flow systems using advanced measurement techniques, especially the electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) approach, this article carries out an initial literature review of the ECT…
Standard dual-energy computed tomography (CT) uses two different X-ray energies to obtain energy-dependent tissue attenuation information to allow quantitative material decomposition. The combined use of dual-energy CT and positron emission…
Four-dimensional Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (4D STEM) with data acquired using a defocused electron probe is a promising tool for characterising complex biological specimens and materials through a phase retrieval process…
The Euler Characteristic Transform (ECT) has proven to be a powerful representation, combining geometrical and topological characteristics of shapes and graphs. However, the ECT was hitherto unable to learn task-specific representations. We…
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a noninvasive medical imaging modality utilizing the current-density/voltage data measured on the surface of the subject. Calder\'on's method is a relatively recent EIT imaging algorithm that is…
We introduce a new image contrast mechanism for scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) that derives from the local symmetry within the specimen. For a given position of the electron probe on the specimen, the image intensity is…
Multi-energy computed tomography (ME-CT) is an x-ray transmission imaging technique that uses the energy dependence of x-ray photon attenuation to determine the elemental composition of an object of interest. Mathematically, forward ME-CT…
X-ray energy spectrum plays an essential role in computed tomography (CT) imaging and related tasks. Due to the high photon flux of clinical CT scanners, most of spectrum estimation methods are indirect and usually suffered from various…
We have found a (dense) basis for the N-representable, two-electron densities, in which all N-representable two-electron densities can be expanded, using positive coefficients. The inverse problem of finding a representative wavefunction,…
Objective. Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has the potential to improve contrast, reduce artifacts and the ability to perform material decomposition in advanced imaging applications. The increased number or measurements results with…
Inferior soft-tissue contrast resolution is a major limitation of current CT scanners. The aim of the study is to improve the contrast resolution of CT scanners using dual-energy acquisition. Based on dual-energy material decomposition, the…
Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has been widely used in many applications that need material decomposition. Image-domain methods directly decompose material images from high- and low-energy attenuation images, and thus, are…