Related papers: Statistical Theory of Initiation of Explosives by …
A model in which a projectile like fragment can be simply regarded as a remnant after removal of some part of the projectile leads to an excited fragment. This excitation energy can be calculated with a Hamiltonian that gives correct…
Understanding the mechanisms of explosions is important for minimizing devastating hazards. Due to the complexity of real chemistry, a single-step reaction mechanism is usually used for theoretical and numerical studies. The purpose of this…
Two-dimensional simulations are conducted to investigate the direct initiation of cylindrical detonation in hydrogen/air mixtures with detailed chemistry. The effects of hotspot condition and mixture composition gradient on detonation…
CEA-Gramat studies the sensitivity of energetic materials to enhance their security and reliability. The conditions leading to the initiation of an explosive must be understood to control its sensitivity. According to the hot spots theory,…
The study presented in this paper has shown that the generation of hard x rays and high-energy ions, which are detected in pinch implosion experiments, may be associated with the Coulomb explosion of the hot spot that is formed due to the…
Theory and computations have established that thermodynamic gradients created by hot spots in reactive gas mixtures can lead to spontaneous detonation initiation. However, the current laminar theory of the temperature-gradient mechanism for…
The present paper is a concluding part of the series [N.B. Volkov and A.M. Iskoldsky: 1; 2; [1], [2]]. Here on the basis of the results of the above papers the experiments on the electric explosion in conductors have been discussed and the…
Regions of energy localization referred to as hotspots are known to govern shock initiation and the run-to-detonation in energetic materials. Mounting computational evidence points to accelerated chemistry in hotspots from large…
Shockwave interactions with material microstructure localizes energy into hotspots, which act as nucleation sites for complex processes such as phase transformations and chemical reactions. To date, hotspots have been described via their…
We propose a general impulsive model for scattering of molecules from a flat solid surface. It is assumed within the framework of this model that an encounter of an atom (or ion) with the surface is a series of elastic (in the direction…
We present a theory for excitation of heavy hydrogen-like projectile-ions by light target-atoms in collisions where the momentum transfers to the atom are very large on the atomic scale. It is shown that in this process the electrons and…
We determine the uncorrelated modes that characterize the fluctuations in a semi-realistic model for the initial state of high-energy nuclear collisions, consisting of hot spots whose positions are distributed independently. Varying the…
First we establish explosion criteria for jump processes with an arbitrary locally compact separable metric state space. Then these results are applied to two stochastic coagulation-fragmentation models--the direct simulation model and the…
In energetic materials, the localization of energy into "hotspots" when a shock wave interacts with the material's microstructure is known to dictate the initiation of chemical reactions and detonation. Recent results have shown that,…
Initiation in heterogeneous energetic material (HEM) subjected to shock loading occurs due to the formation of hot spots. The criticality of the hot spots governs the initiation and sensitivity of HEMs. In porous energetic materials,…
The conventional theory of combustion describes systems where all of the parameters are spatially homogeneous. On the other hand, combustion in disordered explosives has long been known to occur after local regions of the material, called…
Stellar nuclear fusion reactions take place in a hot, dense plasma within stars. To account for the effect of these environments, the theory of open quantum systems is used to conduct pioneering studies of thermal and atomic effects on…
Heating of trapped ion clouds by interactions with free electrons crossing the trapping potential was observed. A model describing such process was proposed and discussed. The presented approach predicts two effects: pushing and heating of…
The problem of impulsive heating of dust grains in cold, dense interstellar clouds is revisited theoretically, with the aim to better understand leading mechanisms of the explosive desorption of icy mantles. It is rigorously shown that if…
Even a single excess electron or ion migrating on the surface of sensitive explosives can catalyze their gradual exothermic decomposition. Mechanisms underlying such a charge-induced gradual thermal decomposition of highly sensitive…