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Hippocampal CA3 is crucial for the formation of long-term associative memory. It has a heavily recurrent connectivity, and memories are thought to be stored as memory engrams in the CA3. However, despite its importance for memory storage…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-04-26 Yansong Chua , Cheston Tan

We introduce a simple cellular-network model to explain the capacity of the plants as memory devices. Following earlier observations (Bose \cite{Bose} and others), we regard the plant as a network in which each of the elements (plant cells)…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-10 Jun-ichi Inoue , Bikas K. Chakrabarti

Mammalian brains operate in a very special surrounding: to survive they have to react quickly and effectively to the pool of stimuli patterns previously recognized as danger. Many learning tasks often encountered by living organisms involve…

Simulations of complex-valued Hopfield networks based on spin-torque oscillators can recover phase-encoded images. Sequences of memristor-augmented inverters provide tunable delay elements that implement complex weights by phase shifting…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Nitin Prasad , Prashansa Mukim , Advait Madhavan , Mark D. Stiles

Topological data analysis (TDA) approaches are becoming increasingly popular for studying the dependence patterns in multivariate time series data. In particular, various dependence patterns in brain networks may be linked to specific tasks…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-08 Anass El Yaagoubi Bourakna , Moo K. Chung , Hernando Ombao

Neural networks are susceptible to catastrophic forgetting. They fail to preserve previously acquired knowledge when adapting to new tasks. Inspired by human associative memory system, we propose a brain-like approach that imitates the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Yi Gu , Jie Li , Yuting Gao , Ruoxin Chen , Chentao Wu , Feiyang Cai , Chao Wang , Zirui Zhang

Organisms constantly pivot between tasks such as evading predators, foraging, traversing rugged terrain, and socializing, often within milliseconds. Remarkably, they preserve knowledge of once-learned environments sans catastrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Susmit Agrawal , Krishn Vishwas Kher , Saksham Mittal , Swarnim Maheshwari , Vineeth N. Balasubramanian

I review and expand the model of quantum associative memory that I have recently proposed. In this model binary patterns of n bits are stored in the quantum superposition of the appropriate subset of the computational basis of n qbits.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Carlo A. Trugenberger

Hopfield networks and their generalizations have established deep connections among biological associative memories, statistical physics, and transformers. Yet most models treat retrieval as a fixed query-to-memory mapping, ignoring the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-05-13 Moulik Choraria , Argyrios Gerogiannis , Vidhata Jayaraman , Ankur Mani , Lav R. Varshney

Recent works have highlighted the need for a new dynamical paradigm in the modeling of brain function and evolution. Specifically, these models should incorporate non-constant and asymmetric synaptic weights $T_{ij}$ in the neuron-neuron…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-03 Franco Cardin , Alberto Lovison , Amos Maritan , Aram Megighian

Hybrid architectures combining state-space models with attention have achieved strong efficiency-quality tradeoffs, yet existing approaches either apply attention uniformly or learn static sparse patterns. This misses a key opportunity:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Ibne Farabi Shihab , Sanjeda Akter , Anuj Sharma

Kernel-based learning methods can dramatically increase the storage capacity of Hopfield networks, yet the dynamical mechanisms behind this enhancement remain poorly understood. We address this gap by combining a geometric characterization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Akira Tamamori

High-order extensions of the Hopfield model are known to exhibit dramatically enhanced storage capacity at equilibrium, while their dynamical retrieval properties remain less well understood. In our previous work, we carried out a dynamical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-06 Yuto Sumikawa , Yoshiyuki Kabashima

High-capacity associative memory models, such as Kernel Logistic Regression (KLR) Hopfield networks, have demonstrated strong storage capabilities but typically rely on computationally expensive synchronous updates. This reliance poses a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Akira Tamamori

Unsupervised learning in a generalized Hopfield associative-memory network is investigated in this work. First, we prove that the (generalized) Hopfield model is equivalent to a semi-restricted Boltzmann machine with a layer of visible…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-07-26 Huiling Zhen , Shang-Nan Wang , Hai-Jun Zhou

A remarkable capacity of the brain is its ability to autonomously reorganize memories during offline periods. Memory replay, a mechanism hypothesized to underlie biological offline learning, has inspired offline methods for reducing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Zhenglong Zhou , Geshi Yeung , Anna C. Schapiro

The hippocampus has the capacity for reactivating recently acquired memories [1-3] and it is hypothesized that one of the functions of sleep reactivation is the facilitation of consolidation of novel memory traces [4-11]. The dynamic and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-26 Piotr Jablonski , Gina R. Poe , Michal Zochowski

We present extensive simulations of a quantum version of the Hopfield Neural Network to explore its emergent behavior. The system is a network of $N$ qubits oscillating at a given $\Omega$ frequency and which are coupled via Lindblad jump…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-21 Joaquín J. Torres , Daniel Manzano

Neural circuits in the brain perform a variety of essential functions, including input classification, pattern completion, and the generation of rhythms and oscillations that support processes such as breathing and locomotion. There is also…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-16 Juliana Londono Alvarez

We investigate a recently proposed model for cortical computation which performs relational inference. It consists of several interconnected, structurally equivalent populations of leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neurons, which are trained…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Johannes Thiele , Peter Diehl , Matthew Cook