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This paper establishes the exact comparison complexity of finding an element repeated $n$ times in a $2n$-element array containing $n+1$ distinct values, under the equality-comparison model with $O(1)$ extra space. We present a simple…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Andrew Au

This paper is concerned with near-optimal approximation of a given function $f \in L_2([0,1])$ with elements of a polynomially enriched wavelet frame, a so-called quarklet frame. Inspired by $hp$-approximation techniques of Binev, we use…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-01-11 Stephan Dahlke , Marc Hovemann , Thorsten Raasch , Dorian Vogel

We study Hartnell's firefighter problem on infinite trees and characterise the branching number in terms of the firefighting game. Using our results about trees, we give a partial answer to a question of Mart\'inez-Pedroza concerning…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-07-06 Florian Lehner

We study the fundamental limits of matching pursuit, or the pure greedy algorithm, for approximating a target function $ f $ by a linear combination $f_n$ of $n$ elements from a dictionary. When the target function is contained in the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-24 Jason M. Klusowski , Jonathan W. Siegel

Algorithms for learning decision trees often include heuristic local-search operations such as (1) adjusting the threshold of a cut or (2) also exchanging the feature of that cut. We study minimizing the number of classification errors by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Juha Harviainen , Frank Sommer , Manuel Sorge

In this paper, we present a novel approach for conformal prediction (CP), in which we aim to identify a set of promising prediction candidates -- in place of a single prediction. This set is guaranteed to contain a correct answer with high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Adam Fisch , Tal Schuster , Tommi Jaakkola , Regina Barzilay

In this paper, we revisit approximation properties of piecewise polynomial spaces, which contain more than ${\cal P}_{r-1}$ but not ${\cal P}_r$. We develop more accurate upper and lower error bounds that are sharper than those used in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-02-17 Hehu Xie , Zhimin Zhang

RF-GAP has recently been introduced as an improved random forest proximity measure. In this paper, we present PF-GAP, an extension of RF-GAP proximities to proximity forests, an accurate and efficient time series classification model. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-17 Ben Shaw , Jake Rhodes , Soukaina Filali Boubrahimi , Kevin R. Moon

We deal with the problem, initiated in [8], of finding randomized and quantum complexity of initial-value problems. We showed in [8] that a speed-up in both settings over the worst-case deterministic complexity is possible. In the present…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Boleslaw Kacewicz

Graph Isomorphism is the prime example of a computational problem with a wide difference between the best known lower and upper bounds on its complexity. We bridge this gap for a natural and important special case, planar graph isomorphism,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-01-30 Samir Datta , Nutan Limaye , Prajakta Nimbhorkar , Thomas Thierauf , Fabian Wagner

We consider the problem of covering hypersphere by a set of spherical hypercaps. This sort of problem has numerous practical applications such as error correcting codes and reverse k-nearest neighbor problem. Using the reduction of non…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Marko D. Petkovic , Dragoljub Pokrajac , Longin Jan Latecki

We study the approximability of constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) by linear programming (LP) relaxations. We show that for every CSP, the approximation obtained by a basic LP relaxation, is no weaker than the approximation obtained…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-08-02 Mrinalkanti Ghosh , Madhur Tulsiani

We study finite element approximations of second-order elliptic problems with measure-valued right-hand sides supported on lower-dimensional sets. The exact solution generally lacks $H^1$-regularity due to the source singularity, which…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Huadong Gao , Yuhui Huang

We present approximation algorithms for the following NP-hard optimization problems related to bottleneck spanning trees in metric spaces. 1. The disjoint bottleneck spanning tree problem: Given $n$ pairs of points in a metric space, find…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Ahmad Biniaz , Anil Maheshwari , Michiel Smid

This paper considers the task of learning users' preferences on a combinatorial set of alternatives, as generally used by online configurators, for example. In many settings, only a set of selected alternatives during past interactions is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Hélène Fargier , Pierre-François Gimenez , Jérôme Mengin , Bao Ngoc Le Nguyen

In the min-knapsack problem one aims at choosing a set of objects with minimum total cost and total profit above a given threshold. In this paper, we study a class of valid inequalities for min-knapsack known as bounded pitch inequalities,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-01-29 Yuri Faenza , Igor Malinović , Monaldo Mastrolilli , Ola Svensson

In this paper, we focus on the problem of conformal prediction with conditional guarantees. Prior work has shown that it is impossible to construct nontrivial prediction sets with full conditional coverage guarantees. A wealth of research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Shayan Kiyani , George Pappas , Hamed Hassani

Consider a random graph model where each possible edge $e$ is present independently with some probability $p_e$. Given these probabilities, we want to build a large/heavy matching in the randomly generated graph. However, the only way we…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-09-01 Nikhil Bansal , Anupam Gupta , Jian Li , Julian Mestre , Viswanath Nagarajan , Atri Rudra

The metric uncapacitated facility location problem (UFL) enjoys a special stature in approximation algorithms as a testbed for various techniques. Two generalizations of UFL are capacitated facility location (CFL) and lower-bounded facility…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-07-19 Stavros G. Kolliopoulos , Yannis Moysoglou

It is well known that sparse approximation problem is \textsf{NP}-hard under general dictionaries. Several algorithms have been devised and analyzed in the past decade under various assumptions on the \emph{coherence} $\mu$ of the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-02-10 Ali Çivril