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Expectation Propagation (EP) is a widely used iterative message-passing algorithm that decomposes a global inference problem into multiple local ones. It approximates marginal distributions as ``beliefs'' using intermediate functions called…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-07 Zilu Zhao , Jichao Chen , Dirk Slock

Equilibrium Propagation (EP) is a biologically-inspired algorithm for convergent RNNs with a local learning rule that comes with strong theoretical guarantees. The parameter updates of the neural network during the credit assignment phase…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Axel Laborieux , Maxence Ernoult , Benjamin Scellier , Yoshua Bengio , Julie Grollier , Damien Querlioz

Bayesian learning is often hampered by large computational expense. As a powerful generalization of popular belief propagation, expectation propagation (EP) efficiently approximates the exact Bayesian computation. Nevertheless, EP can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-08-30 Yuan Qi , Yandong Guo

Mixed-effects regression models represent a useful subclass of regression models for grouped data; the introduction of random effects allows for the correlation between observations within each group to be conveniently captured when…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-25 Jackson Zhou , John T. Ormerod , Clara Grazian

We study an expansion method for high-dimensional parabolic PDEs which constructs accurate approximate solutions by decomposition into solutions to lower-dimensional PDEs, and which is particularly effective if there are a low number of…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-11-08 Christoph Reisinger , Rasmus Wissmann

The smoothing distribution of dynamic probit models with Gaussian state dynamics was recently proved to belong to the unified skew-normal family. Although this is computationally tractable in small-to-moderate settings, it may become…

Computation · Statistics 2023-09-06 Niccolò Anceschi , Augusto Fasano , Giovanni Rebaudo

The belief propagation (BP) algorithm is widely applied to perform approximate inference on arbitrary graphical models, in part due to its excellent empirical properties and performance. However, little is known theoretically about when…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-06-26 Alexander T. Ihler

We propose a novel algorithm to solve the expectation propagation relaxation of Bayesian inference for continuous-variable graphical models. In contrast to most previous algorithms, our method is provably convergent. By marrying convergent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2010-12-17 Matthias W. Seeger , Hannes Nickisch

A common divide-and-conquer approach for Bayesian computation with big data is to partition the data, perform local inference for each piece separately, and combine the results to obtain a global posterior approximation. While being…

Standard Bayesian inference schemes are infeasible for inverse problems with computationally expensive forward models. A common solution is to replace the model with a cheaper surrogate. To avoid overconfident conclusions, it is essential…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-09 Andrew Gerard Roberts , Michael Dietze , Jonathan H. Huggins

Bayesian inference typically relies on specifying a parametric model that approximates the data-generating process. However, misspecified models can yield poor convergence rates and unreliable posterior calibration. Bayesian empirical…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-27 Kenyon Ng , Weichang Yu , Howard D. Bondell

Approximations of loopy belief propagation, including expectation propagation and approximate message passing, have attracted considerable attention for probabilistic inference problems. This paper proposes and analyzes a generalization of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-26 Alyson K. Fletcher , Mojtaba Sahraee-Ardakan , Sundeep Rangan , Philip Schniter

The Poisson distribution arises naturally when dealing with data involving counts, and it has found many applications in inverse problems and imaging. In this work, we develop an approximate Bayesian inference technique based on expectation…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-09-04 Chen Zhang , Simon Arridge , Bangti Jin

Recent advances in machine learning have significantly improved prediction accuracy in various applications. However, ensuring the calibration of probabilistic predictions remains a significant challenge. Despite efforts to enhance model…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-05 Yan Sun , Pratik Chaudhari , Ian J. Barnett , Edgar Dobriban

We consider probabilistic multinomial probit classification using Gaussian process (GP) priors. The challenges with the multiclass GP classification are the integration over the non-Gaussian posterior distribution, and the increase of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-03-28 Jaakko Riihimäki , Pasi Jylänki , Aki Vehtari

Coherent lower previsions are general probabilistic models allowing incompletely specified probability distributions. However, for complete description of a coherent lower prevision -- even on finite underlying sample spaces -- an infinite…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-29 Damjan Škulj

We investigate the convergence properties of the EM algorithm when applied to overspecified Gaussian mixture models -- that is, when the number of components in the fitted model exceeds that of the true underlying distribution. Focusing on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-16 Zhenisbek Assylbekov , Alan Legg , Artur Pak

The Laplace approximation is a popular method for constructing a Gaussian approximation to the Bayesian posterior and thereby approximating the posterior mean and variance. But approximation quality is a concern. One might consider using…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-17 Mikołaj J. Kasprzak , Ryan Giordano , Tamara Broderick

This paper presents a new deterministic approximation technique in Bayesian networks. This method, "Expectation Propagation", unifies two previous techniques: assumed-density filtering, an extension of the Kalman filter, and loopy belief…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-14 Thomas P. Minka

Evaluating the statistical dimension is a common tool to determine the asymptotic phase transition in compressed sensing problems with Gaussian ensemble. Unfortunately, the exact evaluation of the statistical dimension is very difficult and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Sajad Daei , Farzan Haddadi , Arash Amini , Martin Lotz