Related papers: Information loss problem and roles of instantons
We consider how randomness can be made to play a useful role in quantum information processing - in particular, for decoherence control and the implementation of quantum algorithms. For a two-level system in which the decoherence channel is…
The information loss paradox is often discussed from the perspective of the observers who stay outside of a black hole. However, the interior spacetime of a black hole can be rather nontrivial. We discuss the open problems regarding the…
We investigate the distribution of instanton sizes in the framework of a simplified model for ensembles of instantons. This model takes into account the non-diluteness of instantons. The infrared problem for the integration over instanton…
Transitions between steady dynamical regimes in diverse applications are often modelled using discontinuities, but doing so introduces problems of uniqueness. No matter how quickly a transition occurs, its inner workings can affect the…
We review with a tutorial scope the information theory foundations of quantum statistical physics. Only a small proportion of the variables that characterize a system at the microscopic scale can be controlled, for both practical and…
Large language models (LLMs) frequently generate confident yet inaccurate responses, introducing significant risks for deployment in safety-critical domains. We present a novel, test-time approach to detecting model hallucination through…
In the same way that subsequent pauses in spoken language are used to convey information, it is also possible to transmit information in communication networks not only by message content, but also with its timing. This paper presents an…
We consider non-perturbative effects in theories with extra dimensions and the deconstructed versions of these theories. We establish the rules for instanton calculations in 5D theories on the circle, and use them for an explicit…
In this work we present results about the rate of (relative) information loss induced by passing a real-valued, stationary stochastic process through a memoryless system. We show that for a special class of systems the information loss rate…
The performance of inertial navigation systems is largely dependent on the stable flow of external measurements and information to guarantee continuous filter updates and bind the inertial solution drift. Platforms in different operational…
Even today, the concept of entropy is perceived by many as quite obscure. The main difficulty is analyzed as being fundamentally due to the subjectivity and anthropocentrism of the concept that prevent us to have a sufficient distance to…
Transfer entropy provides a general tool for analyzing the magnitudes and directions---but not the \emph{kinds}---of information transfer in a system. We extend transfer entropy in two complementary ways. First, we distinguish…
These lectures deal with the problem of inductive inference, that is, the problem of reasoning under conditions of incomplete information. Is there a general method for handling uncertainty? Or, at least, are there rules that could in…
In Shannon's seminal paper, entropy of printed English, treated as a stationary stochastic process, was estimated to be roughly 1 bit per character. However, considered as a means of communication, language differs considerably from its…
We propose predictive information, that is information between a long past of duration T and the entire infinitely long future of a time series, as a universal order parameter to study phase transitions in physical systems. It can be used,…
In the non-Markovian regime, the bath has the memory about the past behavior of the open quantum system. This memory has slowly-decaying power-law tails. Such a long-range character of the memory complicates the description of the resulting…
Information theory provides powerful tools for understanding communication systems. This analysis can be applied to intercellular signal transduction, which is a means of chemical communication among cells and microbes. We discuss how to…
In quantum information theory, von Neumann entropy plays an important role. The entropies can be obtained analytically only for a few states. In continuous variable system, even evaluating entropy numerically is not an easy task since the…
Data transformation, e.g. feature transformation and selection, is an integral part of any machine learning procedure. In this paper we introduce an information-theoretic model and tools to assess the quality of data transformations in…
We carry out a systematic study of uncertainty measures that are generic to dynamical processes of varied origins, provided they induce suitable continuous probability distributions. The major technical tool are the information theory…