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Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are thought to be located at the centers of most galactic nuclei. When galaxies merge they form supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) systems and these central SMBHs will also merge at later times,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-07-08 Kaitlyn Porter , Scott C. Noble , Eduardo M. Gutierrez , Joaquin Pelle , Manuela Campanelli , Jeremy Schnittman , Bernard J. Kelly

Close binaries of supermassive black holes (CB-SMBHs) with separations of $\lesssim 0.1$pc as the final stage of galaxy mergers are sources of low frequency gravitational waves (GW), however, they are still elusive observationally because…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-08-15 Jian-Min Wang , Yu-Yang Songsheng , Yan-Rong Li , Yu Zhe

We model the electromagnetic emission signatures of massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) with an associated gas component. The method comprises numerical simulations of relativistic binaries and gas coupled with calculations of the physical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Tamara Bogdanovic , Britton D. Smith , Michael Eracleous , Steinn Sigurdsson

Here we present a short overview and main results of our investigations of several effects which can induce shifts in the broad Fe K$\alpha$ line emitted from relativistic accretion disks around single and binary supermassive black holes.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-02-03 P. Jovanović , V. Borka Jovanović , D. Borka , L. Č. Popović

We present a comprehensive parameter-space study of binary black hole (BBH) mergers using the SEOBNRv4\_opt waveform model. Our analysis spans $\sim 10^6$ simulated waveforms across a broad range of mass ratios \( q = \frac{m_1}{m_2} \in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-19 İsmail Özbakır , Kadri Yakut

Galaxy mergers are common processes in the Universe. As a large fraction of galaxies hosts at their centres a central supermassive black hole (SMBH), mergers can lead to the formation of a supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB). The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-04-05 Alessandra Mastrobuono-Battisti , Go Ogiya , Oliver Hahn , Mathias Schultheis

Massive black holes (MBHs), with masses in the range 10^3-10^8 Msolar, which merge with a companion black hole of similar mass are expected to be the most powerful source of gravitational radiation in the frequency range probed by LISA. MBH…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Marta Volonteri

Measurements of the spin of stellar mass black holes (BHs) are now possible both through LIGO observations of binary BH mergers and for BHs in X-ray binary systems. The spins of BHs as inferred from LIGO observations suggest that BH spins…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-11-20 Nicolas Fernandez , Akshay Ghalsasi , Stefano Profumo

Some binary black hole systems potentially observable in LISA could be in orbit around a supermassive black hole (SMBH). The imprint of relativistic three-body effects on the waveform of the binary can be used to estimate all the parameters…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-19 Adrien Kuntz , Konstantin Leyde

We present a new observational test to identify massive black hole binaries in large multi-epoch spectroscopical catalogues and to probe the real nature of already proposed binary candidates. The test is tailored for binaries with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-10 Massimo Dotti , Fabio Rigamonti , Stefano Rinaldi , Walter Del Pozzo , Roberto Decarli , Riccardo Buscicchio

We study the long-term evolution of massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) at the centers of galaxies using detailed full three-body scattering experiments. Stars, drawn from a distribution unbound to the binary, are ejected by the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Haardt , A. Sesana , P. Madau

Understanding the processes that drive galaxy formation and shape the observed properties of galaxies is one of the most interesting and challenging frontier problems of modern astrophysics. We now know that the evolution of galaxies is…

This paper focuses on the dynamical implications of close supermassive black hole binaries both as an example of resonant phase mixing and as a potential explanation of inversions and other anomalous features observed in the luminosity…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Henry E. Kandrup , Ioannis V. Sideris , Balsa Terzic , Courtlandt L. Bohn

We analyze the dynamical evolution of binary stars that interact with a static background of single stars in the environment of a massive black hole (MBH). All stars are considered to be single mass, Newtonian point particles. We follow the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-03 Clovis Hopman

We study the accretion flows from the circumbinary disks onto the supermassive binary black holes in a subparsec scale of the galactic center, using a smoothed particles hydrodynamics (SPH) code. Simulation models are presented in four…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Kimitake Hayasaki , Shin Mineshige , Hiroshi Sudou

Black hole spin is a quantity of great interest to both physicists and astrophysicists. We review the current status of spin measurements in supermassive black holes (SMBH). To date, every robust SMBH spin measurement uses X-ray reflection…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-16 Christopher S. Reynolds

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are ubiquitously found at the centers of most galaxies. Measuring SMBH mass is important for understanding the origin and evolution of SMBHs. However, traditional methods require spectral data which is…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-12-02 Joshua Yao-Yu Lin , Sneh Pandya , Devanshi Pratap , Xin Liu , Matias Carrasco Kind

Most massive galaxies contain a supermassive black hole (SMBH) at their center. When galaxies merge, their SMBHs sink to the center of the new galaxy where they are thought to eventually merge. During this process an SMBH binary is formed.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-03-30 Jacco H. Terwel , Peter G. Jonker

We present here an overview of recent work in the subject of astrophysical manifestations of super-massive black hole (SMBH) mergers. This is a field that has been traditionally driven by theoretical work, but in recent years has also…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-16 Jeremy D. Schnittman

Galaxy observations suggest that mergers of supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) are rare events, with rates of order one per decade across the observable Universe. We present a framework to search for merging SMBHBs in pulsar timing…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-17 Sharon Mary Tomson , Boris Goncharov , Rutger van Haasteren