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Experimental measurements in collisions of small systems from p+p to p/d/3He+A at RHIC and the LHC reveal particle emission patterns that are strikingly similar to those observed in A+A collisions. One explanation of these patterns is the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-06-05 J. L. Nagle , W. A. Zajc

Causality plays a central role in understanding interactions between variables in complex systems. These systems often exhibit state-dependent causal relationships, where both the strength and direction of causality vary with the value of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2025-08-05 Álvaro Martínez-Sánchez , Adrián Lozano-Durán

We report the results of a numerical study of nonequilibrium steady states for a class of Hamiltonian models. In these models of coupled matter-energy transport, particles exchange energy through collisions with pinned-down rotating disks.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-18 Kevin K. Lin , Lai-Sang Young

Are short range correlations in the ground state of the target nucleus (initial state correlations ISC)observable inexperiments on quasielastic $A(e,e'p)$ scattering at large missing momentum $p_{m}$? Will the missing momentum spectrum…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 A. Bianconi , S. Jeschonnek , N. N. Nikolaev , B. G. Zakharov

Elliptic flow, $v_2$, and triangular flow, $v_3$, are to a good approximation linearly proportional to the corresponding spatial anisotropies of the initial density profile, $\varepsilon_2$ and $\varepsilon_3$. Using event-by-event…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-05-25 Giuliano Giacalone , Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler , Jean-Yves Ollitrault

We present a general master equation, correct to second order in the system-environment coupling strength, that takes into account the initial system-environment correlations. We assume that the system and its environment are in a joint…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-13 Ali Raza Mirza , Muhammad Zia , Adam Zaman Chaudhry

We investigate the role of collective effects in the micromaser system as used in various studies of the physics of cavity electrodynamics. We focus our attention on the effect on large-time correlations due to multi-atom interactions. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Bo-Sture K Skagerstam

Effective interactions inherently encompass many-body effects that appear unified. Analyzing these in reverse, that is, separating them into contributions from pairs, triples, or larger groups, is typically intricate and seldom pursued.…

We present a first principles approach to study the Chiral Magnetic Effect during the pre-equilibrium stage of a heavy-ion collision. We discuss the dynamics of the Chiral Magnetic Effect and Chiral Magnetic Wave based on real-time lattice…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2018-03-14 Mark Mace , Niklas Mueller , Soeren Schlichting , Sayantan Sharma

The inverse problem of reconstructing the initial state in quasilinear parabolic equations from time averages is investigated. Under suitable regularity assumptions on the quasilinear structure and a superlinear growth condition near zero…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-10-27 Bogdan-Vasile Matioc , Christoph Walker

Two important initial-state nuclear effects in hadron-nucleus collisions are considered. The ratios of inclusive differential cross sections for Drell-Yan dimuon production are calculated. The calculated results are compared to the E866…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-11 Ya. A. Berdnikov , V. T. Kim , V. F. Kosmach , M. M. Ryzhinskiy , V. M. Samsonov , M. E. Zavatsky

Nonequilibrium phase transitions are discussed with emphasis on general features such as the role of detailed balance violation in generating effective (long-range) interactions, the importance of dynamical anisotropies, the connection…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Zoltan Racz

The standard picture of heavy-ion collisions includes a collective expansion. If the initial energy density in the collisions is lumpy, then a collective expansion can convert that spatial lumpiness into correlations between final-state…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-03-13 Paul Sorensen

We discuss the effect of slow phase relaxation and the spin off-diagonal $S$-matrix correlations on the cross section energy oscillations and the time evolution of the highly excited intermediate systems formed in complex collisions. Such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Luis Benet , Lewis T. Chadderton , Sergey Yu. Kun , Oleg K. Vorov , Wang Qi

Isolated long-range interacting particle systems appear generically to relax to non-equilibrium states ("quasi-stationary states" or QSS) which are stationary in the thermodynamic limit. A fundamental open question concerns the "robustness"…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-05-25 Michael Joyce , Jules Morand , Pascal Viot

Azimuthal angle two particle correlations have been shown to be a powerful probe for extracting novel features of jet induced correlations produced in Au+Au collisions at RHIC. At intermediate $p_T$, 2-5GeV/c, the jets have been shown to be…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2009-01-16 Anne Sickles

We often rely on probabilistic measures -- e.g. event probability or expected time -- to characterize systems' safety. However, determining these quantities for extremely low-probability events is generally challenging, as standard safety…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Aitor R. Gomez , Manuela L. Bujorianu , Rafal Wisniewski

The presence of correlations between particles significantly separated in pseudorapidity in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions has raised questions about whether collective effects are observed in small collision systems as well as…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-01-04 Alice Ohlson

We study time-dependent quantum transport in a correlated model system by means of time-propagation of the Kadanoff-Baym equations for the nonequilibrium many-body Green function. We consider an initially contacted equilibrium system of a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-11-28 Petri Myöhänen , Adrian Stan , Gianluca Stefanucci , Robert van Leeuwen

We present an ab-initio approach to compute the longitudinal dependence of the initial state in heavy-ion collisions by including small-x evolution of the nuclear gluon distributions. Extending the IP-Glasma model by including JIMWLK…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-03-14 Björn Schenke , Sören Schlichting