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Over the last decade tensor network states (TNS) have emerged as a powerful tool for the study of quantum many body systems. The matrix product states (MPS) are one particular class of TNS and are used for the simulation of…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2016-06-27 Boye Buyens , Jutho Haegeman , Frank Verstraete , Karel Van Acoleyen

The matrix product state (MPS) is utilized to study the ground state properties and quantum phase transitions (QPTs) of the one-dimensional quantum compass model (QCM). The MPS wavefunctions are argued to be very efficient descriptions of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2012-06-05 Guang-Hua Liu , Wei Li , Wen-Long You , Guang-Shan Tian , Gang Su

Matrix Product State (MPS) is a versatile tensor network representation widely applied in quantum physics, quantum chemistry, and machine learning, etc. MPS sampling serves as a critical fundamental operation in these fields. As the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Yaojian Chen , Si-Qiu Gong , Lin Gan , Yanfei Liu , An Yang , Yinuo Wang , Chao-yang Lu , Guangwen Yang

Matrix-product state (MPS) skeletons are connected networks of Hamiltonians with exact MPS ground states that underlie a phase diagram. Such skeletons have previously been found in classes of free-fermion models. For the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Imogen Camp , Nick G. Jones

It is believed that most (perhaps all) gapped phases of matter can be described at long distances by Topological Quantum Field Theory (TQFT). On the other hand, it has been rigorously established that in 1+1d ground states of gapped…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-11-05 Anton Kapustin , Alex Turzillo , Minyoung You

Tensor product state (TPS) based methods are powerful tools to efficiently simulate quantum many-body systems in and out of equilibrium. In particular, the one-dimensional matrix-product (MPS) formalism is by now an established tool in…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-12-03 Johannes Hauschild , Frank Pollmann

Tensor network states are used to approximate ground states of local Hamiltonians on a lattice in D spatial dimensions. Different types of tensor network states can be seen to generate different geometries. Matrix product states (MPS) in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-02 G. Evenbly , G. Vidal

Tensor network states, especially Matrix Product States (MPS), are crucial tools for studying how particles in large quantum systems are entangled with each other. MPS are particularly effective for modeling systems in one-dimensional…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-02-03 Niloofar Vardian

We show that any matrix product state (MPS) can be exactly represented by a recurrent neural network (RNN) with a linear memory update. We generalize this RNN architecture to 2D lattices using a multilinear memory update. It supports…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-02 Dian Wu , Riccardo Rossi , Filippo Vicentini , Giuseppe Carleo

Tensor network states are used extensively as a mathematically convenient description of physically relevant states of many-body quantum systems. Those built on regular lattices, i.e. matrix product states (MPS) in dimension 1 and projected…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-10 Cécilia Lancien , David Pérez-García

Matrix product states (MPS), a tensor network designed for one-dimensional quantum systems, has been recently proposed for generative modeling of natural data (such as images) in terms of `Born machine'. However, the exponential decay of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-13 Song Cheng , Lei Wang , Tao Xiang , Pan Zhang

This paper examines the use of tensor networks, which can efficiently represent high-dimensional quantum states, in language modeling. It is a distillation and continuation of the work done in (van der Poel, 2023). To do so, we will…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Constantijn van der Poel , Dan Zhao

By taking inspiration from the backflow transformation for correlated systems, we introduce a novel tensor network ansatz which extend the well-established Matrix Product State representation of a quantum-many body wave function. This new…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-08-31 Guglielmo Lami , Giuseppe Carleo , Mario Collura

Tensor networks, which are originally developed for characterizing complex quantum many-body systems, have recently emerged as a powerful framework for capturing high-dimensional probability distributions with strong physical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Haotong Duan , Zhongming Chen , Ngai Wong

Matrix Product States can be defined as the family of quantum states that can be sequentially generated in a one-dimensional system. We introduce a new family of states which extends this definition to two dimensions. Like in Matrix Product…

Tensor networks (TNs) are one of the best available tools to study many-body quantum systems. TNs are particularly suitable for one-dimensional local Hamiltonians, while their performance for generic geometries is mainly limited by two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Apimuk Sornsaeng , Itai Arad , Dario Poletti

This is a partly non-technical introduction to selected topics on tensor network methods, based on several lectures and introductory seminars given on the subject. It should be a good place for newcomers to get familiarized with some of the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2014-07-07 Roman Orus

The canonical form of Matrix Product States (MPS) and the associated fundamental theorem, which relates different MPS representations of a state, are the theoretical framework underlying many of the analytical results derived through MPS,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-17 Gemma De las Cuevas , J. Ignacio Cirac , Norbert Schuch , David Perez-Garcia

Numerical simulations are a powerful tool to study quantum systems beyond exactly solvable systems lacking an analytic expression. For one-dimensional entangled quantum systems, tensor network methods, amongst them Matrix Product States…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2018-02-28 Daniel Jaschke , Michael L. Wall , Lincoln D. Carr

Matrix-product states (MPS) have proven to be a versatile ansatz for modeling quantum many-body physics. For many applications, and particularly in one-dimension, they capture relevant quantum correlations in many-body wavefunctions while…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-03 Joshua B. Moore , Hugo P. Stackhouse , Ben D. Fulcher , Sahand Mahmoodian