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Continuous gravitational waves from neutron stars could provide an invaluable resource to learn about their interior physics. A common search method involves matched filtering a modeled template against the noisy gravitational-wave data to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-09-26 Gregory Ashton , Reinhard Prix , David Ian Jones

Space-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors will be able to observe signals from sources that are otherwise nearly impossible from current ground-based detection. Consequently, the well established signal detection method, matched…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-17 Tianyu Zhao , Ruoxi Lyu , He Wang , Zhoujian Cao , Zhixiang Ren

Given the sensitivity of current ground-based Gravitational Wave (GW) detectors, any continuous-wave signal we can realistically expect will be at a level or below the background noise. Hence, any data analysis of detector data will need to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-16 Iraj Gholami

We derive a detection method for a stochastic background of gravitational waves produced by events where the ratio of the average time between events to the average duration of an event is large. Such a signal would sound something like…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Steve Drasco , Eanna E. Flanagan

As engineered systems grow in complexity, there is an increasing need for automatic methods that can detect, diagnose, and even correct transient anomalies that inevitably arise and can be difficult or impossible to diagnose and fix…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-29 Robert E. Colgan , Zsuzsa Márka , Jingkai Yan , Imre Bartos , John N. Wright , Szabolcs Márka

Any measurement in condition monitoring applications is associated with disturbing noise. Till now, most of the diagnostic procedures have assumed the Gaussian distribution for the noise. This paper shares a novel perspective to the problem…

Long-term precise timing of Galactic millisecond pulsars holds great promise for measuring the long-period (months-to-years) astrophysical gravitational waves. Several gravitational-wave observational programs, called Pulsar Timing Arrays…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Rutger van Haasteren , Yuri Levin , Patrick McDonald , Tingting Lu

We present a probabilistic framework to quantify the impact of artefacts (glitches and gaps) in LISA data on transient gravitational wave signals. By modeling both artefacts and transient signals as independent Poisson processes, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-21 Jonathan R. Gair , Senwen Deng , Stanislav Babak

The problem of the detection and mapping of a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB), either of cosmological or astrophysical origin, bears a strong semblance to the analysis of CMB anisotropy and polarization. The basic statistic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-12-18 Sanjit Mitra , Sanjeev Dhurandhar , Tarun Souradeep , Albert Lazzarini , Vuk Mandic , Sukanta Bose , Stefan Ballmer

The models currently used in the detection of gravitational waves (GWs) either do not consider a relative motion between the center-of-mass of the source and the observer, or usually only consider its effect on the frequencies of GWs.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-04-28 Alejandro Torres-Orjuela , Xian Chen , Zhoujian Cao , Pau Amaro-Seoane , Peng Peng

The increasing sensitivity of current and upcoming gravitational-wave (GW) detectors poses stringent requirements on the accuracy of the GW models used for data analysis. If these requirements are not met, systematic errors could dominate…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-29 Lorenzo Pompili , Alessandra Buonanno , Michael Pürrer

We consider a recent scheme of gravitational wave detection using atomic interferometers as inertial sensors, and reinvestigate its configuration using the concept of sensitivity functions. We show that such configuration can suppress noise…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-10-20 Biao Tang , Baocheng Zhang , Lin Zhou , Jin Wang , Mingsheng Zhan

Data quality assessment plays an essential role in the quest to detect gravitational wave signals in data from the LIGO and Virgo interferometric gravitational wave detectors. Interferometer data contains a high rate of noise transients…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-08-15 Jessica McIver

The global network of interferometric gravitational wave (GW) observatories (LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA) has detected and characterized nearly 100 mergers of binary compact objects. However, many more real GWs are lurking sub-threshold, which need…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-06-28 Jack Heinzel , Colm Talbot , Gregory Ashton , Salvatore Vitale

We study an improved method for detecting gravitational wave (GW) signals from perturbed black holes by earth-based detectors in the quest for searching for intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs). Such signals, called ringdowns, are damped…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-12-16 Dipongkar Talukder , Sukanta Bose , Sarah Caudill , Paul T. Baker

Two-body gravitational interactions will occasionally lead to a stellar-mass compact object entering a very highly eccentric orbit around a massive black hole at the center of a galaxy. Gravitational radiation damping will subsequently…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-06 Daniel J Oliver , Aaron D Johnson , Lena Janssen , Joel Berrier , Kostas Glampedakis , Daniel Kennefick

From catalogs of gravitational-wave transients, the population-level properties of their sources and the formation channels of merging compact binaries can be constrained. However, astrophysical conclusions can be biased by misspecification…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-08 Noah E. Wolfe , Matthew Mould , Jack Heinzel , Salvatore Vitale

Detection of a gravitational-wave stochastic background via ground or space-based gravitational-wave detectors requires the cross-correlation of the response of two or more independent detectors. The cross-correlation involves a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-06 Lee Samuel Finn , Shane L. Larson , Joseph D. Romano

The noise of gravitational-wave (GW) interferometers limits their sensitivity and impacts the data quality, hindering the detection of GW signals from astrophysical sources. For transient searches, the most problematic are transient noise…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-17 Melissa Lopez , Vincent Boudart , Kerwin Buijsman , Amit Reza , Sarah Caudill

Fluctuations of the earth's gravity field are a major noise source for ground-based experiments investigating general relativity phenomena such as Gravitational Waves (GWs). Mass density variations caused by local seismic or atmospheric…