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Most real-world networks are not isolated. In order to function fully, they are interconnected with other networks, and this interconnection influences their dynamic processes. For example, when the spread of a disease involves two species,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-08-09 Huijuan Wang , Qian Li , Gregorio D'Agostino , Shlomo Havlin , H. Eugene Stanley , Piet Van Mieghem

Heterogeneity is an important property of any population experiencing a disease. Here we apply general methods of the theory of heterogeneous populations to the simplest mathematical models in epidemiology. In particular, an SIR…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-02-28 Artem S Novozhilov

Epidemics in large complete networks is well established. In contrast, we consider epidemics in non-complete networks. We establish the fluid limit macroscopic dynamics of a multi-virus spread over a multipartite network as the number of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2013-06-27 Augusto Santos , José M. F. Moura , João Xavier

Epidemics on complex networks is a widely investigated topic in the last few years, mainly due to the last pandemic events. Usually, real contact networks are dynamic, hence much effort has been invested in studying epidemics on evolving…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-05-18 Hillel Sanhedrai , Shlomo Havlin

We consider the edge-based compartmental models for infectious disease spread introduced in Part I. These models allow us to consider standard SIR diseases spreading in random populations. In this paper we show how to handle deviations of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-09-03 Joel C. Miller , Erik M. Volz

Infectious diseases are practically represented by models with multiple states and complex transition rules corresponding to, for example, birth, death, infection, recovery, disease progression, and quarantine. In addition, networks…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Naoki Masuda , Norio Konno

The viral load is known to be a chief predictor of the risk of transmission of infectious diseases. In this work, we investigate the role of the individuals' viral load in the disease transmission by proposing a new…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2023-03-29 Rossella Della Marca , Nadia Loy , Andrea Tosin

Using digitized images of the three-dimensional, branching structures for root systems of bean seedlings, together with analytical and numerical methods that map a common 'SIR' epidemiological model onto the bond percolation problem, we…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-01-11 T. P. Handford , F. -J. Perez-Reche , S. N. Taraskin , L. da F. Costa , M. Miazaki , F. M. Neri , C. A. Gilligan

In this paper, I study epidemic diffusion in a generalized spatial SEIRD model, where individuals are initially connected in a social or geographical network. As the virus spreads in the network, the structure of interactions between people…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-10-23 Giorgio Fagiolo

We consider an infectious disease spreading along the edges of a network which may have significant clustering. The individuals in the population have heterogeneous infectiousness and/or susceptibility. We define the out-transmissibility of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2008-05-01 Joel C. Miller

In epidemic modeling, the term infection strength indicates the ratio of infection rate and cure rate. If the infection strength is higher than a certain threshold -- which we define as the epidemic threshold - then the epidemic spreads…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-12-19 Faryad Darabi Sahneh , Caterina Scoglio , Fahmida N. Chowdhury

In the real world, many complex systems interact with other systems. In addition, the intra- or inter-systems for the spread of information about infectious diseases and the transmission of infectious diseases are often not random, but with…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-08-23 Junbo Jia , Zhen Jin , Xinchu Fu

Epidemic disease spreading is conventionally often modelled and analyzed by means of rate and diffusion equations, following the paradigms of well-controlled chemical reactions and diffusive dynamics in a test tube. Yet, serious worries…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-01-03 Klaus Kroy

The spread of an infectious disease can, in some cases, promote the propagation of other pathogens favouring violent outbreaks, which cause a discontinuous transition to an endemic state. The topology of the contact network plays a crucial…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-03-21 Peng-Bi Cui , Francesca Colaiori , Claudio Castellano

We propose an extension of the classical susceptible infectious recovered (SIR) model that incorporates the effects of spatial propagation of an epidemic through a small number of additional compartments. The model is designed to capture…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-02 M. Soledad Aronna , Mariana Bergonzi , Ernesto Kofman

Nowadays, epidemic models provide an appropriate tool for describing the propagation of biological viruses in human or animal populations, or rumours and other kinds of information in social networks and malware in both computer and ad hoc…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-21 Vladislav Taynitskiy , Elena Gubar , Denis Fedyanin , Ilya Petrov , Quanyan Zhu

We study the spreading of cooperative infections in an empirical temporal network of contacts between people, including health care workers and patients, in a hospital. The system exhibits a phase transition leading to one or several…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-02-08 Jorge P. Rodríguez , Fakhteh Ghanbarnejad , Víctor M. Eguíluz

We present the analysis of the interrelation between two processes accounting for the spreading of an epidemics, and the information awareness to prevent its infection, on top of multiplex networks. This scenario is representative of an…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-09-24 Clara Granell , Sergio Gomez , Alex Arenas

While most existing epidemic models focus on the influence of isolated factors, infectious disease transmission is inherently shaped by the complex interplay of multiple interacting elements. To better capture real-world dynamics, it is…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-04-18 Guangyuan Mei , Yao Cai , Su-Su Zhang , Ying Huang , Chuang Liu , Xiu-Xiu Zhan

Trophic coherence, a measure of the extent to which the nodes of a directed network are organised in levels, has recently been shown to be closely related to many structural and dynamical aspects of complex systems, including graph…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-07-22 Janis Klaise , Samuel Johnson