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What is the maximum possible strength of a first-order electroweak phase transition and the resulting gravitational wave (GW) signal? While naively one might expect that supercooling could increase the strength of the transition to very…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-08-12 John Ellis , Marek Lewicki , José Miguel No

This review article is based on a seminar presented at the Higgs pairs workshop 2025. Stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds can serve as probe of the diverse phenomenology encountered in beyond-Standard-Model scenarios featuring phase…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-04 Chiara Caprini

We calculate the gravitational wave spectrum generated by sound waves during a cosmological phase transition, incorporating several advancements beyond the current state-of-the-art. Rather than relying on the bag model or similar…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-09-24 Chi Tian , Xiao Wang , Csaba Balázs

We forecast the prospective of detection for a stochastic gravitational wave background sourced by cosmological first-order phase transitions. We focus on first-order phase transitions with negligible plasma effects, and consider the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-30 Daniel G. Figueroa , Eugenio Megias , Germano Nardini , Mauro Pieroni , Mariano Quiros , Angelo Ricciardone , Gianmassimo Tasinato

Inhomogeneities associated with the cosmological QCD and electroweak phase transitions produce hydrodynamical perturbations, longitudinal sounds and rotations. It has been demonstrated by Hindmarsh et al. that the sounds produce gravity…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-04-08 Tigran Kalaydzhyan , Edward Shuryak

In a vacuum first-order phase transition, gravitational waves are generated from collision of bubbles of the true vacuum. The spectrum from such collisions takes the form of a broken power law. We consider a toy model for such a phase…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-03 Daniel Cutting , Elba Granados Escartin , Mark Hindmarsh , David J. Weir

We consider true vacuum bubbles generated in a first order phase transition occurring during the slow rolling era of a two field inflation: it is known that gravitational waves are produced by the collision of such bubbles. We find that the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-09 Carlo Baccigalupi , Luca Amendola , Pierluigi Fortini , Franco Occhionero

We present an entirely analytic, leading log order determination of the friction an electroweak bubble wall feels during a first order electroweak phase transition. The friction is dominated by W bosons, and gives a wall velocity…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 Guy D. Moore

Theories of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking predict a strong first order cosmological phase transition: we compute the resulting signals, primordial black holes and gravitational waves. These theories employ one SM-neutral scalar,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-03-06 Martín Arteaga , Anish Ghoshal , Alessandro Strumia

It is widely believed that the standard model is a low energy effective theory which may have higher dimensional non-renormalizable operators. The existence of these new operators can lead to interesting dynamics for the evolution of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2012-02-01 Robert Poltis

We discuss spectra of gravitational waves which are originated by the strongly first order phase transition at the electroweak symmetry breaking, which is required for a successful scenario of electroweak baryogenesis. Such spectra are…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-12-16 Mitsuru Kakizaki , Shinya Kanemura , Toshinori Matsui

Cosmological phase transitions are a frequent phenomenon in particle physics models beyond the Standard Model, and the corresponding gravitational wave signal offers a key probe of new physics in the early Universe. Depending on the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-24 Giulio Barni , Simone Blasi , Eric Madge , Miguel Vanvlasselaer

In many particle physics models, domain wall can form during the phase transition process after discrete symmetry breaking. We study the scenario within a complex singlet extended Standard Model framework, where a strongly first order phase…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-05-20 Ruiyu Zhou , Jing Yang , Ligong Bian

We consider a standard model extension equipped with a dark sector where the $U(1)_X^{}$ Abelian gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken by the dark Higgs mechanism. In this framework, we investigate patterns of the electroweak phase…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-07-02 Katsuya Hashino , Mitsuru Kakizaki , Shinya Kanemura , Pyungwon Ko , Toshinori Matsui

We present results for the bubble wall velocity and bubble wall thickness during a cosmological first-order phase transition in a condensed form. Our results are for minimal extensions of the Standard Model but in principle are applicable…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-12-26 Glauber C. Dorsch , Stephan J. Huber , Thomas Konstandin

We calculate gravitational wave power spectra from first order early Universe phase transitions using the Sound Shell Model. The model predicts that the power spectrum depends on the mean bubble separation, the phase transition strength,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-15 Mark Hindmarsh , Mulham Hijazi

Future space-based interferometers offer an unprecedented opportunity to detect signals from the stochastic gravitational wave background originating from a first-order phase transition at the electroweak scale. The phase transition is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-04 Lorenzo Giombi , Jani Dahl , Mark Hindmarsh

We discuss gravitational wave signal from the strongly first order electroweak phase transition in the split NMSSM. We find that for sets of parameters predicting successful electroweak baryogenesis the gravitational wave signal can be…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-12-12 S. V. Demidov , D. S. Gorbunov , D. V. Kirpichnikov

We consider the generation of gravitational waves by primordial helical inverse cascade magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence produced by bubble collisions at the electroweak phase transition. We extend the previous study \cite{kgr08} by…

The dynamics of the electroweak phase transition in the early universe has profound implications for cosmology and particle physics. We systematically study the steady-state dynamics of bubble walls in scenarios where the transition is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-08-07 Carlo Branchina , Angela Conaci , Stefania De Curtis , Luigi Delle Rose