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We explore the Collatz conjecture and its variants through the lens of termination of string rewriting. We construct a rewriting system that simulates the iterated application of the Collatz function on strings corresponding to mixed…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Emre Yolcu , Scott Aaronson , Marijn J. H. Heule

Rewriting is a framework for reasoning about functional programming. The dependency pair criterion is a well-known mechanism to analyze termination of term rewriting systems. Functional specifications with an operational semantics based on…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-11-04 Ariane Alves Almeida , Mauricio Ayala-Rincon

Cut-elimination is the bedrock of proof theory with a multitude of applications from computational interpretations to proof analysis. It is also the starting point for important meta-theoretical investigations including decidability,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Agata Ciabattoni , Timo Lang , Revantha Ramanayake

Let $M$ be a complete Riemannian manifold satisfying the doubling volume condition for geodesic balls and $L^q$ scaled Poincar\'e inequalities on suitable remote balls for some $q<2$. We prove the inequality $\left\Vert…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-09-13 Emmanuel Russ , Baptiste Devyver

We present an extensive analysis of relative deviation bounds, including detailed proofs of two-sided inequalities and their implications. We also give detailed proofs of two-sided generalization bounds that hold in the general case of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-06 Corinna Cortes , Spencer Greenberg , Mehryar Mohri

We expose in full detail a constructive procedure to invert the so--called "finite Markov moment problem". The proofs rely on the general theory of Toeplitz matrices together with the classical Newton's relations.

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2009-11-02 Laurent Gosse , Olof Runborg

We investigate infinite sets that witness the failure of certain Ramsey-theoretic statements, such as Ramsey's or (appropriately phrased) Hindman's theorem; such sets may exist if one does not assume the Axiom of Choice. We obtain very…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-03-03 Joshua Brot , Mengyang Cao , David Fernández-Bretón

In 2005, Rampersad and the second author proved a number of theorems about infinite words x with the property that if w is any sufficiently long finite factor of x, then its reversal w^R is not a factor of x. In this note we revisit these…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Lukas Fleischer , Jeffrey Shallit

The drawbacks in the formulations of random infinite divisibility in Sandhya (1991, 1996), Gnedenko and Korelev (1996), Klebanov and Rachev (1996), Bunge (1996) and Kozubowski and Panorska (1996) are pointed out. For any given Laplace…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-06-13 S. Satheesh

The problem of determining whether a probabilistic program terminates almost surely (i.e.~with probability one) is undecidable, and actually $\Pi^0_2$-complete. For this reason, a growing literature has explored classes of programs for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Ugo Dal Lago , Guido Fiorillo , Paolo Pistone

We study the representation theory of the algebraic Toeplitz algebra $R={\mathbb K}\langle x,y\rangle/\langle xy-1\rangle$, give a few new structure and homological theorems, completely determine one-sided ideals and survey and re-obtain…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2016-03-02 Miodrag C Iovanov , Alexander Sistko

We perfect the recursion-transform method to be a complete theory, which can derive the general exact resistance between any two nodes in a resistor network with several arbitrary boundaries. As application of the method, we give a profound…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-19 Zhi-Zhong Tan

In 2012 M. Soki\'c proved that the class of all finite permutations has the Ramsey property. Using different strategies the same result was then reproved in 2013 by J. B\"ottcher and J. Foniok, in 2014 by M. Bodirsky and in 2015 yet another…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-31 Dragan Masulovic

Recently we generalized Toponogov's comparison theorem to a complete Riemannian manifold with smooth convex boundary, where a geodesic triangle was replaced by an open (geodesic) triangle standing on the boundary of the manifold, and a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-12-10 Kei Kondo , Minoru Tanaka

Using the tools of reverse mathematics in second-order arithmetic, as developed by Friedman, Simpson, and others, we determine the axioms necessary to develop various topics in commutative ring theory. Our main contributions to the field…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-09-07 Jordan Mitchell Barrett

Almost from the inception of Hilbert's program, foundational and structural efforts in proof theory have been directed towards the goal of clarifying the computational content of modern mathematical methods. This essay surveys various…

Logic · Mathematics 2010-06-17 Jeremy Avigad

Ritt's theorem of zeroes and Seidenberg's embedding theorem are classical results in differential algebra allowing to connect algebraic and model-theoretic results on nonlinear PDEs to the realm of analysis. However, the existing proofs of…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2021-07-08 Dmitrii Pavlov , Gleb Pogudin , Yury Razmyslov

Recently, Solecki introduced the notion of Ramsey monoid to produce a common generalization to theorems such as Hindman's theorem, Carlson's theorem, and Gowers' FIN$_k$ theorem. He proved that an entire class of finite monoids is Ramsey.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-10 Claudio Agostini , Eugenio Colla

The explicit expressions for the strong and the weak rigorous multiplicative perturbation bounds for the Generalized block Cholesky downdating problem are obtained. By bringing together the modified matrix-vector equation approach with the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-06-28 Mahvish Samara , Aamir Farooq

Contraction analysis uses a local criterion to prove the long-term behaviour of a dynamical system. A contraction metric is a Riemannian metric with respect to which the distance between adjacent solutions contracts. If adjacent solutions…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-08-09 Peter Giesl