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This paper addresses the increasingly prominent problem of anomaly detection in distributed systems. It proposes a detection method based on federated contrastive learning. The goal is to overcome the limitations of traditional centralized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Renzi Meng , Heyi Wang , Yumeng Sun , Qiyuan Wu , Lian Lian , Renhan Zhang

In an increasingly interconnected world, Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are essential to critical industries like healthcare, transportation, and manufacturing, merging physical processes with computational intelligence. However, the security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Danial Abshari , Meera Sridhar

We present a new subspace-based method to construct probabilistic models for high-dimensional data and highlight its use in anomaly detection. The approach is based on a statistical estimation of probability density using densities of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Cetin Savkli , Catherine Schwartz

With the increasing volume of streaming data in industrial systems, online anomaly detection has become a critical task. The diverse and rapidly evolving data patterns pose significant challenges for online anomaly detection. Many existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Zewei Yu , Jianqiu Xu , Caimin Li

Anomalies and outliers are common in real-world data, and they can arise from many sources, such as sensor faults. Accordingly, anomaly detection is important both for analyzing the anomalies themselves and for cleaning the data for further…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-13 Haitao Liu , Randy C. Paffenroth , Jian Zou , Chong Zhou

Deep generative models are promising in detecting novel cyber-physical attacks, mitigating the vulnerability of Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) without relying on labeled information. Nonetheless, these generative models face challenges in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Haili Sun , Yan Huang , Lansheng Han , Cai Fu , Hongle Liu , Xiang Long

Anomaly detection is widely used to distinguish system anomalies by analyzing the temporal and spatial features of wireless sensor network (WSN) data streams; it is one of critical technique that ensures the reliability of WSNs. Currently,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Qinghao Zhang , Miao Ye , Hongbing Qiu , Yong Wang , Xiaofang Deng

The goal of video anomaly detection is tantamount to performing spatio-temporal localization of abnormal events in the video. The multiscale temporal dependencies, visual-semantic heterogeneity, and the scarcity of labeled data exhibited by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Dezhi An , Wenqiang Liu , Kefan Wang , Zening Chen , Jun Lu , Shengcai Zhang

This paper proposes to develop a network phenotyping mechanism based on network resource usage analysis and identify abnormal network traffic. The network phenotyping may use different metrics in the cyber physical system (CPS), including…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Minhui Zou , Chengliang Wang , Fangyu Li , WenZhan Song

We study anomaly detection and introduce an algorithm that processes variable length, irregularly sampled sequences or sequences with missing values. Our algorithm is fully unsupervised, however, can be readily extended to supervised or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-05-26 Oguzhan Karaahmetoglu , Fatih Ilhan , Ismail Balaban , Suleyman Serdar Kozat

This study proposes an unsupervised anomaly detection method for distributed backend service systems, addressing practical challenges such as complex structural dependencies, diverse behavioral evolution, and the absence of labeled data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Yun Zi , Ming Gong , Zhihao Xue , Yujun Zou , Nia Qi , Yingnan Deng

Anomaly detection in complex dynamical systems is essential for ensuring reliability, safety, and efficiency in industrial and cyber-physical infrastructures. Predictive maintenance helps prevent costly failures, while cybersecurity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Michael Somma , Thomas Gallien , Branka Stojanovic

Anomaly detection in spatiotemporal data is a challenging problem encountered in a variety of applications including hyperspectral imaging, video surveillance and urban traffic monitoring. In the case of urban traffic data, anomalies refer…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-02 Seyyid Emre Sofuoglu , Selin Aviyente

Anomaly detection in spatiotemporal data is a challenging problem encountered in a variety of applications including hyperspectral imaging, video surveillance, and urban traffic monitoring. Existing anomaly detection methods are most suited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Seyyid Emre Sofuoglu , Selin Aviyente

Recent advances in digitization have led to the availability of multivariate time series data in various domains, enabling real-time monitoring of operations. Identifying abnormal data patterns and detecting potential failures in these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Fan Wang , Keli Wang , Boyu Yao

The use of video-imaging data for in-line process monitoring applications has become more and more popular in the industry. In this framework, spatio-temporal statistical process monitoring methods are needed to capture the relevant…

Applications · Statistics 2020-04-24 Hao Yan , Marco Grasso , Kamran Paynabar , Bianca Maria Colosimo

Sensor-based remote health monitoring is used in industrial, urban and healthcare settings to monitor ongoing operation of equipment and human health. An important aim is to intervene early if anomalous events or adverse health is detected.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Nivedita Bijlani , Oscar Mendez Maldonado , Samaneh Kouchaki

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are being increasingly utilized for critical applications. CPS combines sensing and computing elements, often having multi-layer designs with networking, computational, and physical interfaces, which provide…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Julia Boone , Fatemeh Afghah

Spatio-temporal graph neural networks (ST-GNNs) have achieved notable success in structured domains such as road traffic and public transportation, where spatial entities can be naturally represented as fixed nodes. In contrast, many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Jeehong Kim , Youngseok Hwang , Minchan Kim , Sungho Bae , Hyunwoo Park

Many computer vision applications involve modeling complex spatio-temporal patterns in high-dimensional motion data. Recently, restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) have been widely used to capture and represent spatial patterns in a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-24 Siqi Nie , Ziheng Wang , Qiang Ji