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The recent low value of Planck (2016) integrated optical depth to Thomson scattering suggests that the reionization occurred fairly suddenly, disfavoring extended reionization scenarios. This will have a significant impact on the 21cm power…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-27 Sultan Hassan , Romeel Dave , Kristian Finlator , Mario G. Santos

We show that by jointly fitting cosmic microwave background (CMB) and astrophysical data - a compilation of UV luminosity data from the Hubble Frontier Field and neutral hydrogen data from distant sources-, we can infer on the shape of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-16 Daniela Paoletti , Dhiraj Kumar Hazra , Fabio Finelli , George F. Smoot

We present constraints on the reionization optical depth, $\tau$, obtained using several independent methods. First, we perform a non-parametric reconstruction of the reionization history, using Lyman-$\alpha$ constraints on the evolution…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-29 Willem Elbers

The intergalactic helium became fully ionized by the end of cosmic noon ($z\sim2$). Similarly to the reionization of hydrogen, helium reionization is expected to be patchy, driven by luminous quasars that ionize the intergalactic gas in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-14 Mesut Çalışkan , Neha Anil Kumar , Selim C. Hotinli , Marc Kamionkowski

We summarize existing constraints on the epoch of reionization and discuss the observational probes that are sensitive to the process. We focus on the role large scale polarization can play. Polarization probes the integrated optical depth…

We develop and apply a new framework for reconstructing the ionization history during the epoch of recombination with combinations of cosmic microwave background (CMB), baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) and supernova data. We find a wide…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-15 Gabriel P. Lynch , Lloyd Knox , Jens Chluba

Reionization is one of the least understood processes in the evolution history of the Universe, mostly because of the numerous astrophysical processes occurring simultaneously about which we do not have a very clear idea so far. In this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-02 Purba Mukherjee , Antara Dey , Supratik Pal

We highlight recent progress in the sophistication and diversification of cosmic dawn and reionization simulations. The application of these modeling tools to current observations has allowed us narrow down the timing of reionization, which…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-22 Andrei Mesinger

Early photoionization of the intergalactic medium is discussed in a nearly model-independent way, in order to investigate whether early structures corresponding to rare Gaussian peaks in a CDM model can photoionize the intergalactic medium…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-07 Max Tegmark , Joseph Silk , Alain Blanchard

Thomson optical depth tau measurements from Planck provide new insights into the reionization of the universe. In pursuit of model-independent constraints on the properties of the ionising sources, we determine the empirical evolution of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-07 R. J. Bouwens , G. D. Illingworth , P. A. Oesch , J. Caruana , B. Holwerda , R. Smit , S. Wilkins

We study the reionization parameter space consistent with the current measurement of the Thomson optical depth using a new parametrization of the reionization history. The mass-weighted ionization fraction is specified in terms of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-10 Daniel Glazer , Markus Michael Rau , Hy Trac

We reconstruct the history of reionization using Gaussian process regression. Using the UV luminosity data compilation from Hubble Frontiers Fields we reconstruct the redshift evolution of UV luminosity density and thereby the evolution of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-29 Aditi Krishak , Dhiraj Kumar Hazra

In a universe with inhomogeneous reionization, the ionized patches create a second order signal in the cosmic microwave background polarization anisotropy. This signal originates in the coupling of the free electron fluctuation to the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Jochen Weller

Neutral hydrogen around high-z QSO and an optical depth tau ~ 0.17 can be reconciled if reionization is more complex than a single transition at z ~ 6-8. Tracing its details could shed a new light on the first sources of radiation. Here we…

We assess a model of late cosmic reionization in which the ionizing background radiation arises entirely from high redshift quasars and other active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The low optical depth to Thomson scattering reported by the Planck…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-28 Piero Madau , Francesco Haardt

In light of the recent inference of a high optical depth to Thomson scattering, tau, from the WMAP data we investigate the effects of extended periods of partial ionization and ask if the value of tau inferred by assuming a single sharp…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-15 Gilbert Holder , Zoltan Haiman , Manoj Kaplinghat , Lloyd Knox

We conduct an analysis of the Planck 2015 data that is complete in reionization observables from the large angle polarization $E$-mode spectrum in the redshift range $6 < z < 30$. Based on 5 principal components, all of which are…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-18 Chen He Heinrich , V Miranda , Wayne Hu

We study the reionization scenario in which ionizing UV photons emitted from decaying particle, in addition to usual contributions from stars and quasars, ionize the universe. It is found that the scenario is consistent with both the first…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. Kasuya , M. Kawasaki

We discuss constraints on cosmic reionisation and their implications on a cosmic SFR density $\rho_\mathrm{SFR}$ model; we study the influence of key-parameters such as the clumping factor of ionised hydrogen in the intergalactic medium…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-29 Adélie Gorce , Marian Douspis , Nabila Aghanim , Mathieu Langer

The epoch of reionization is a milestone of cosmological structure formation, marking the birth of the first objects massive enough to yield large numbers of ionizing photons. The mechanism and timescale of reionization remain largely…