Related papers: Operator Constraints for Twist-3 Functions and Lor…
It has been known for a long time that hyperons produced in hadronic collisions are polarized perpendicular to the production plane of the reaction. This effect cannot be described by using twist-2 collinear parton correlators only. Here we…
It is argued that the definition of the twist-3 transverse momentum dependent correlation functions must be modified if they contain light-like Wilson lines. In the framework of a simple spectator model of the nucleon we show explicitly the…
We perform a systematic study on the twist-3 gluon distribution and fragmentation functions which appear in the collinear twist-3 factorization for hard inclusive processes. Three types of twist-3 distribution and fragmentation functions,…
Lorentz invariance relations connecting twist-3 parton distributions with transverse momentum dependent twist-2 distributions have been proposed previously. These relations can be extracted from a covariant decomposition of the quark-quark…
There are three types of fragmentation functions (FFs) which are used to describe the twist-3 cross sections of the hard semi-inclusive processes under QCD collinear factorization, and they are called intrinsic, kinematical, and dynamical…
We show possible transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) for spin-1 hadrons including twist-3 and 4 functions in addition to the leading twist-2 ones by investigating all the possible decomposition of a quark…
Understanding the origin and mechanism of the transverse polarization of hyperons produced in unpolarized proton-proton collision, $pp\to \Lambda^\uparrow X$, has been one of the long-standing issues in high-energy spin physics. In the…
We show transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) for spin-1 hadrons including twist-3 and 4 functions by taking the decomposition of a quark correlation function in the Lorentz-invariant way with the conditions of…
We compute the contribution from the twist-3 fragmentation function for light hadron production in collisions between transversely and longitudinally polarized protons, i.e., $p^\uparrow \vec{p} \to h\,X$, which can cause a double-spin…
We present a new analysis of $A_N$ in $p^\uparrow p\to \pi\, X$ within the collinear twist-3 factorization formalism. We incorporate recently derived Lorentz invariance relations into our calculation and focus on input from the kinematical…
We revisit the derivation of the so-called Lorentz invariance relations between parton distributions. In the most important cases these relations involve twist-3 and transverse momentum dependent parton distributions. It is shown that these…
The twist-3 transverse spin--dependent nucleon structure function $g_2$ arises in high-energy processes involving a transversely polarized nucleon. Its connection to quark--gluon correlations allows for an interpretation in terms of the…
The analysis of semi-inclusive deep inelastic electron scattering off polarized $^3$He at finite momentum transfers, aimed at the extraction of the quark transverse-momentum distributions in the neutron, requires the use of a distorted…
We study the twist-3 fragmentation functions $H$ and $\tilde{H}$, by applying a spectator model. In the calculation we consider the effect of the gluon rescattering at one loop level. We find that in this case the hard-vertex diagram, which…
Structure functions of polarized spin-1 hadrons will be measured at various accelerator facilities in the near future. Recently, transverse-momentum-dependent and collinear parton distribution functions were theoretically proposed at twist…
The representation of quark distribution and fragmentation functions in terms of non-local operators is combined with a simple spectator model. This allows us to estimate these functions for the nucleon and the pion ensuring correct…
We present the complete results up to twist-3 for hadron production in the target fragmentation region of semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering with a polarized lepton beam and polarized nucleon target. The nonperturbative effects are…
The transverse spin of interacting light quarks is described by two independent non-perturbative inputs, twist-2 transversity and twist-3 quark-gluon correlators, while for free massive quarks they are related by the equations of motion.…
We study the spin-dependent cross section in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic lepton-nucleon collisions, $\ell + N^\uparrow\to \ell+h+X$. We focus on the cross section that is integrated over the transverse momentum $P_{h\perp}$ of the…
We derive the twist-3 gluon fragmentation function (FF) contribution to the transversely polarized hyperon production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering, $ep\to e\Lambda^\uparrow X$, in the leading order (LO) with respect to the…