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The estimation of covariance operators of spatio-temporal data is in many applications only computationally feasible under simplifying assumptions, such as separability of the covariance into strictly temporal and spatial factors.Powerful…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-30 Holger Dette , Gauthier Dierickx , Tim Kutta

The year 1996 will mark the initiation of a number of new space missions to the planet Mars from which we expect to obtain a rich set of data, including spacecraft radio tracking data. Anticipating these events, we have analyzed the…

Modern lunar-planetary ephemerides are numerically integrated on the observational timespan of more than 100 years (with the last 20 years having very precise astrometrical data). On such long timespans, not only finite difference…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-11 Maxim Subbotin , Alexander Kodukov , Dmitry Pavlov

The increasing volume of space objects in Earth's orbit presents a significant challenge for Space Situational Awareness (SSA). And in particular, accurate orbit prediction is crucial to anticipate the position and velocity of space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Francisco Caldas , Cláudia Soares

Planetary systems with multiple transiting planets are beneficial for understanding planet occurrence rates and system architectures. Although we have yet to find a solar system analogue, future surveys may detect multiple terrestrial…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-12 Bethlee Lindor , Eric Agol

This work applies a quantitative metric well-known to the data assimilation community to a new context in order to capture the relative representativeness of non-simultaneous or non-co-located observations and quantify how these…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-08-08 C. E. Powell , Christopher S. Ruf , Scott Gleason , Scot C. R. Rafkin

Bayesian estimation with an explicit transitional prior is required for a tracking algorithm to be embedded in most multi-target tracking frameworks. This paper describes a novel approach capable of tracking maneuvering spacecraft with an…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-25 Enrico M. Zucchelli , Brandon A. Jones

The increasing precision of spacecraft radiometric tracking data experienced in the last number of years, coupled with the huge amount of data collected and the long baselines of the available datasets, has made the direct observation of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-06-17 Fabrizio De Marchi , Gael Cascioli

We investigate the effect of observing cadence on the precision of radius ratio values obtained from transit light curves by performing uniform Markov Chain Monte Carlo fits of 46 exoplanets observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-07 Julio Hernandez Camero , Cynthia S. K. Ho , Vincent Van Eylen

Recent improvements in data collection volume from planetary and space physics missions have allowed the application of novel data science techniques. The Cassini mission for example collected over 600 gigabytes of scientific data from 2004…

Space Physics · Physics 2023-07-17 A. R. Azari , J. W. Lockhart , M. W. Liemohn , X. Jia

Achieving high-performance in multi-object tracking algorithms heavily relies on modeling spatio-temporal relationships during the data association stage. Mainstream approaches encompass rule-based and deep learning-based methods for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Zhonglin Liu , Shujie Chen , Jianfeng Dong , Xun Wang , Di Zhou

Multivariate spatio-temporal data arise more and more frequently in a wide range of applications; however, there are relatively few general statistical methods that can readily use that incorporate spatial, temporal and variable…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-11-15 Elynn Yi Chen , Qiwei Yao , Rong Chen

The Earth-Moon-Sun system has traditionally provided the best laboratory for testing the strong equivalence principle. For a decade, the Apache Point Observatory Lunar Laser-ranging Operation (APOLLO) has been producing the world's best…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-18 R. D. Reasenberg , J. F. Chandler , N. R. Colmenares , N. H. Johnson , T. W. Murphy , I. I. Shapiro

Many real-world systems modeled using partial differential equations (PDEs) involve unknown parameters that must be estimated from limited, noisy system observations. While typically assumed to be constants, some of these unobserved…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-19 Andrea Arnold

The deployment of autonomous navigation systems on ships necessitates accurate motion prediction models tailored to individual vessels. Traditional physics-based models, while grounded in hydrodynamic principles, often fail to account for…

Context: Transit or eclipse timing variations have proven to be a valuable tool in exoplanet research. However, no simple way to estimate the potential precision of such timing measures has been presented yet, nor are guidelines available…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-08 Hans J. Deeg , Brandon Tingley

In the era of mega-constellations, the need for accurate and publicly available information has become fundamental for satellite operators to guarantee the safety of spacecrafts and the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) space environment. This study…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-14 Katarina Dyreby , Francisco Caldas , Cláudia Soares

Lunar laser ranging (LLR) is used to conduct high-precision measurements of ranges between an observatory on Earth and a laser retro-reflector on the lunar surface. Over the years, LLR has benefited from a number of improvements both in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 Juergen Mueller , James G. Williams , Slava G. Turyshev

Data-driven machine learning (ML) models are reshaping weather forecasting and have shown the potential to accelerate and surpass traditional physics-based approaches, leading to a second revolution in the field after data assimilation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hang Fan , Yi Xiao , Yongquan Qu , Juan Nathaniel , Fenghua Ling , Ben Fei , Lei Bai , Pierre Gentine

Accurate estimation of the human circadian phase plays an important role in personalized health monitoring, but most existing wearable-based approaches operate retrospectively and require full circadian cycle recordings, leading to high…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Mengzhu Xu , Nemanja Cabrilo , Merel van Gilst , Jean-Paul Linnartz